分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangiformes (Jacks)
鱸形目 (Jacks) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Caranx: French, carangue, the name of a Caribbean fish; 1836 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Forsskål.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 10 - 188 m (Ref. 58302). 熱帶; 26°C - 29°C; 35°N - 37°S, 19°E - 129°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and east coast of Africa to the Hawaiian and Marquesan islands, north to southern Japan (Ref. 559) and the Ogasawara Islands, south to northern Australia. Hybrid with Caranx melampygus found in Hawaii (Ref. 58422).
印度-太平洋: 紅海與非洲東岸到夏威夷與馬貴斯群島, 北至日本南部 (參考文獻 559) 與小笠原群島, 南至澳洲北部。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 60.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 170 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 100.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5213); 最大体重: 80.0 kg (Ref. 4795)
背棘 (总数) : 9; 背的软条 (总数) : 18 - 21; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 15 - 17; 脊椎骨: 24. This species is distinguished by the following characters: gill rakers (including rudiments) 5-7 + 15-17 = 20-24; breast naked ventrally, typically with a small to large patch of prepelvic scales; colour in life of adults, head and body silvery grey to black above, usually paler below; fins usually uniformly grey to black, fish from turbid coastal waters often with yellow fins, the anal fin usually brightest (Ref. 9894).
头部与身体背面暗金色的, 腹面银色的; 鳍通常有颜色灰色的到黑色的。 鳃盖斑点不存在。 26-38个强的鳞甲。 胸部腹地没有鳞片; 一个腹鳍前鳞片的小块。 胸鳍镰刀状的; 臀鳍有 2根分离的棘。
Adults are pelagic over sand and rock (Ref. 58302). They occur singly and inhabit clear lagoon and seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). They feed on crustaceans (like crabs and spiny lobsters) and fishes at night (Ref. 4887). Juveniles are found in estuaries. Large individuals may be ciguatoxic. The largest trevally reaches 1.7 m in length and a weight of over 60 kg (Ref. 48635). Spawning occurs on shallow seaward reefs and offshore banks (Ref. 37816). Sold mostly fresh and dried salted.
成鱼各别地出现而且居住于清澈的泻湖与临海礁石。 (参考文献 9710) 稚鱼发现于河口了。 捕食甲壳动物 (如螃蟹与棘龙虾) 与鱼在晚上。 (参考文献 4887) 大的个体可能具有热带海鱼毒。 它是被达到 1.7 的最大的鰺科鱼类公尺长与超过 60 公斤的重量.(参考文献 48635) 产卵于临海礁石浅水处与近海浅堆。 (参考文献 37816) 大部份生鲜地贩卖与乾燥盐腌。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
印度-太平洋: 紅海與非洲東岸到夏威夷與馬貴斯群島, 北至日本南部 (參考文獻 559) 與小笠原群島, 南至澳洲北部。
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 养殖: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.2 - 28.4, mean 26.8 °C (based on 1154 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01862 (0.01559 - 0.02224), b=2.95 (2.92 - 2.98), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 13.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.08-0.11; tm=3.5).
Prior r = 0.56, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.83, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 10.8 [4.6, 21.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.288 [0.152, 0.572] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [17.8, 22.6] %; Omega3 = 0.122 [0.069, 0.211] g/100g; Selenium = 62.5 [30.3, 131.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 56.9 [15.4, 194.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.476 [0.338, 0.698] mg/100g (wet weight);
