Togo country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/to.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Bauchot, M.-L., J.-C. Hureau and J.C. Miguel, 1981
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Dorade grise, Chopa, Griset, ... more

Klassifizierung / Names Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Spondyliosoma: Greek, spondylos = vertebra (1667) + Greek, soma = body (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser benthopelagisch; ozeanodrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 5 - 300 m (Ref. 3688). Subtropical; 63°N - 20°S, 26°W - 36°E

Verbreitung Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Point map | Einführungen | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Scandinavia to northern Namibia (Ref. 11228), including the Strait of Gibraltar, Mediterranean and the Black Sea, Madeira, Canary Islands, and Cape Verde.

Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m 19.7 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm SL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 4781); common length : 30.0 cm SL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 4781); max. veröff. Gewicht: 1.2 kg (Ref. 40637)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 11; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 11 - 13. Body tall, with weak longitudinal stripes and no dark spots. Snout as long or longer than the eye diameter (Ref. 35388).

Found over seagrass beds and rocky and sandy bottoms to about 300 m (Ref. 3688). Gregarious, sometimes in large schools (Ref. 3688). Omnivorous, feeding on seaweeds and small invertebrates, especially crustaceans (Ref. 3688). Protogynic hermaphrodites (Ref. 4781). An important food fish.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Lays eggs on sandy bottom (Ref. 4781). Sex reversal occurs at approximately 24.3 cm TL in population from Algeria (Ref. 102321). Also Ref. 28504.

Hauptreferenz Upload your references | Referenzen | Koordinator | Partner

Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 18 August 2009

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Harmless

Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja; Aquarium: Öffentliche Aquarien

FAO(Fischereien: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 7 - 17.2, mean 10.2 (based on 645 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01230 (0.01114 - 0.01358), b=3.03 (3.00 - 3.06), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.3 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (K=0.3; Fec=36,000; tm=4).

Prior r = 0.47, 95% CL = 0.31 - 0.71, Based on 3 data-limited stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).

Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Spondyliosoma cantharus (Linnaeus, 1758)