Galaxias supremus, Kosciuszko Galaxias

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Galaxias supremus Raadik, 2014

Kosciuszko Galaxias
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分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Galaxiiformes (Southern smelts) 胡瓜魚目 (Southern smelts) > Galaxiidae (Galaxiids) 南乳魚科 (Galaxiids) > Galaxiinae
Etymology: Galaxias: Greek, galaxias, ou = a kind of fish (Ref. 45335);  supremus: Name from Latin 'supremus', meaning highest, uppermost, referring to this species being found at the highest elevation of all the Galaxiidae, at over 2000 m asl on Mount Kosciuszko, Australia’s highest mountain..

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

; 淡水 底中水層性; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 0 - 1 m (Ref. 98815).

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Oceania: Australia.

大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 9.6 cm FL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 98815); 最大體重: 8.00 g (Ref. 98815)

簡短描述 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

背的軟條 (總數): 9-11; 臀鰭軟條: 10 - 12; 脊椎骨: 52 - 58. This species is distinguished from its congeners within the Galaxias olidus complex by the following characters: pelvic fin with 8 segmented rays; mean vertebral count very high 57, with broad range (52-59); distinct subterminal mouth; dorsal, anal and pelvic fin origins are set far back along trunk (70.4-75.1, 74.8-80.2 and 49.7-55.6 % SL respectively); distance between pectoral and pelvic fin bases is long (27.8-35.7 % SL); body depth shallow (8.4-12.4 % SL), much greater through pectoral fin base (11.8-16.4 % SL) than that through vent; caudal peduncle is very short and shallow (10.0-12.7 and 6.3-8.9 SL respectively); caudal fin much longer (120 %) than caudal peduncle; snout long (26.7-34.9 % HL); eye small (13.1-20.7 % HL); nostrils short and not visible from ventral view; anal fin base short (8.7-10.9 % SL); dorsal and anal fins short (12.6-15.9 and 13.1-15.9 % SL respectively); dorsal midline usually flattened anteriorly from above or slightly posterior to pectoral fin bases; posterior extent of mouth about 0.8 eye diameter below ventral margin of eye; usually 2, occasionally 1; pyloric caecae of moderate length (4.6 % SL); gill rakers are short to moderately long; anal fin origin usually under 0.85 distance posteriorly along dorsal fin base (greatest setback in all members of the species complex); no distinct black bars along lateral line though, very occasionally, dark patches on dorsal midline may have a very small, black bar in the centre; and, distinctive, mottled colour pattern (Ref. 98815).

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Facultative air-breathing in the genus (Ref. 126274); A freshwater fish that is unable to undertake diadromous migrations. Collected from cold and clear water in small flowing creeks (0.6-1.1 m average width, 0.1-0.2 m average depth, 0.5-0.6 m maximum depth) and from an on-stream lake (Blue Lake). All sites during winter are covered by snow and ice for an extended period of time. Substrate in the creeks consisted of bedrock, boulder, cobble, gravel and sand while the lake with cobble, pebble, gravel and silt.The fish is collected among rock, undercut banks and overhanging grasses in the creeks, mainly from pools. In Blue Lake, collected among small cobbles and from within 2 m of the shoreline (location and habitat in deeper water unknown). All sites without emergent or submerged aquatic vegetation or overhead shading. Collected at a density of 4.5 fish/m2 in Carruthers Creek, 2.5 fish/m2 along the edges of Blue Lake, and 1.5 fish/m2 in an inflowing tributary to Blue Lake. It is the only native fish species so far recorded from within its range, although Galaxias olidus is presumed to be present nearby. It is collected in Carruthers Creek with an unidentified native spiny crayfish Euastacus sp. (possibly E. rieki) (Ref. 98815).

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚


主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 : Berra, Tim M. | 合作者

Raadik, T.A., 2014. Fifteen from one: a revision of the Galaxias olidus Günther, 1866 complex (Teleostei, Galaxiidae) in south-eastern Australia recognises three previously described taxa and describes 12 new species. Zootaxa 3898(1):001-198. (Ref. 98815)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  極危 (CR) (A3bce; B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)); Date assessed: 13 February 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = No PD50 data   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00205 - 0.01170), b=3.12 (2.91 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  3.2   ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100).