Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
; air tawar bentopelagis. Temperate
Europe: Vistula drainage (mainly San and Wisloka systems) downstream to Wilga (about 50 km from Warsaw), upper Dniestr basin in Poland and Ukraine. Similar barbels from the upper Tisza system (Danube drainage) may represent this species.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 34.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 59043)
deskripsi pendek
Morfologi | Morfometrik
Diagnosed from its congeners n Baltic and Black Sea basins by having following characters: last simple dorsal ray slightly thickened, with 0-30 small serrae posteriorly along median third; flexible segmented part of last simple dorsal ray about 50% of ray length; lower lip thick, with a pendulous median lobe; lateral line with 52-70 scales (usually 59-62); 11-12 scale rows between lateral line and dorsal fin origin; pelvic fin origin slightly to clearly behind dorsal fin origin; scales with free posterior part rounded; and scales without epithelial crests (Ref. 59043).
Inhabits small rivers with moderate to fast flowing water in piedmont and montane zones at 200-600 m above sea level, preferring stone, gravel, pebble or sand bottom and river stretches with rapids and deep holes. Undergoes upriver migration to shallow, smaller tributaries during the start of the spawning season. Does not migrate for long distances, usually moving along main course of stream during feeding season. Preys on benthic invertebrates. Breeds in shallow areas over pebble bottom with fast current and clear water with high oxygen concentration. Spawns mainly at night during sunset. Slow decline of population is expected to continue due to on-going economic development (Ref. 59043).
Eggs are released in holes dug by females with their anal fins. Probably spawning takes place in 2-3 batches during a spawning season (Ref. 59043).
Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
informasi lanjut
Umur / SaizPertumbuhanpanjang-beratpanjang-panjangukuran frekuensiMorfometrikMorfologiLarvaDinamika larvapemulihanKelimpahanBRUVS
AcuanBudidaya airprofil budidaya airStrainGenetikaElectrophoresesDiturunkanPenyakit-penyakitPengolahanNutrientsMass conversion
mitraGambarStamps, Coins Misc.Suara-suaraCiguateraKecepatanTipe renangArea insangOtolithsOtakPenglihatan / visi
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00347 - 0.01318), b=3.02 (2.85 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (tm=2-4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
