Klassifizierung / Names
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Ophidiiformes (Cusk eels) >
Bythitidae (Livebearing brotulas)
Etymology: Grammonus: Greek, gramma = signal, mark + Greek, onos = hake; yunokawai: Named for Mr. Kyo Yunokawa, of Ie-shima Diving Center..
More on author: Nielsen.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ökologie
seewasser demersal; tiefenbereich ? - 20 m (Ref. 75999). Temperate
Verbreitung
Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Point map | Einführungen | Faunafri
Northwest Pacific: Japan.
Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 9.8 cm SL (female)
Kurzbeschreibung
Morphologie | Morphometrie
Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt): 83; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 64; Wirbelzahl: 41. This species has the following characters: Dorsal-fin rays 83; anal-fin rays 64; caudal fin rays 9; pectoral 23-24; vertebrae 12 + 29; anterior anal fin ray is placed below 23rd dorsal fin ray; maximum depth of head is 32.0% SL; predorsal length 41.5% SL; interorbital width 10.5% SL; height of posterior margin of maxilla 8.4% SL (Ref. 75999).
Known only from one female specimen with ovaries containing eggs up to about 0.5 mm in diameter and apparently with no embryos. It was caught by hand in the back of the cave in absolute darkness. The head and lateral line pore systems are well developed, also the sensory papillae on the head and body, indicating adaptation to the lightless environment
Also observed and caught were a shrimp Parhippolyte misticia and the fishes Pseudamia hayashiiand Apogon evermanni (Ref. 75999).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fecundity | Larven
Nielsen, J.G., 2007. Grammonus yunokawai (Ophidiiformes: Bythitidae), a new marine cave fish from the Ryukyu Islands. Ichthyol. Res. 54(4):374-379. (Ref. 75999)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Mehr Information
LänderFAO GebieteEcosystemsVorkommenEinführungenStocksÖkologieNahrungNahrungsorganismenNahrungsaufnahmeNahrungsmenge
NamenSynonymeMetabolismusRäuberÖkotoxikologieFortpflanzungGeschlechtsreifeAblaichenSpawning aggregationFecundityEierEientwicklung
Alter/GrößeWachstumLänge-GewichtLänge-LängeLängenhäufigkeitenMorphometrieMorphologieLarvenLarven Pop.Dyn.RekrutierungDichteBRUVS
ReferenzenAquakulturAquakultur ProfilZuchtlinienGenetikElectrophoresesVererbbarkeitKrankheitenVerarbeitungNutrientsMass conversion
PartnerBilderStamps, Coins Misc.LauteCiguateraGeschwindigkeitSchwimmstilKiemenoberflächeOtolithsGehirngrößeSehfähigkeit
Tools
Zusatzinformationen
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00457 (0.00179 - 0.01169), b=3.10 (2.87 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): hoch, Verdopplung der Population dauert weniger als 15 Monate. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
