分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 非產卵性溯降河的 (Ref. 51243). 熱帶; 22°N - 19°N
Oceania: Hawaii. Reported from USA (Ref. 3881).
大洋洲: 夏威夷。 記錄來自美國了。 (參考文獻 3881)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 33.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 44091)
Generally brown to black in color; pelvic fins separate rather than fused into a disc; young fish <2.5 cm long are distinctively jet black on the upper body and lighter on the sides and belly (Ref. 44091).
通常褐色到黑色的; 腹鰭分開而不願融合成一個體盤; 幼魚 <2.5 公分長特殊地在身體上半部上是墨黑色與顏色淡的側邊上與腹面.(參考文獻 44091)
Found in both altered and unaltered streams, but being unable to climb waterfalls restricts its habitat to the lower reaches of streams and estuaries; can be observed darting into the mud and leaf litter, or sheltering among rocks and cobble, rarely showing in the open; highly predaceous on various invertebrates, e.g. slow-moving thiarid snails and asiatic clams, and fishes; traditionally caught with a baited hook attached to a short stick (fishing method called kiomo'omo); relished as a food item, particularly when wrapped with leaves and roasted; now prized as bait by near-shore papio fisherman (Ref. 44091).
發現於改變與未被改變的溪流, 但是不能攀登瀑布限制對溪流與河口的下面範圍的它的棲息地; 能被觀察進入泥與腐葉之內衝出, 或在岩石與圓石之中隱匿, 很少地在露天下顯示; 高度食肉在各種不同的無脊椎動物, 例如緩慢移動的 thiarid 蝸牛與 asiatic 蛤 , 與魚上; 傳統地捕獲了一個有誘餌的魚鉤依附於一根短的樹枝了;(釣魚方法被稱為 kiomo'omo) 品嚐作為一個食物, 特別地當以樹葉包裝而且烤了; 現在珍視如近岸 papio 漁夫的誘餌。 (參考文獻 44091)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
大洋洲: 夏威夷。 記錄來自美國了。 (參考文獻 3881)
Tinker, S.W., 1978. Fishes of Hawaii, a handbook of the marine fishes of Hawaii and the Central Pacific Ocean. Hawaiian Service Inc., Honolulu. 568 p. (Ref. 583)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 誘餌: usually
更多資訊
俗名同種異名新陳代謝捕食者生態毒物學繁殖成熟度產卵場產卵群集孕卵數卵卵發育
參考文獻養殖養殖資訊品種遺傳學Electrophoreses遺傳率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00535 - 0.02352), b=3.19 (3.00 - 3.38), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
