Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien; brak water demersaal; oceanodroom (Ref. 51243); diepte 15 - 100 m (Ref. 11230). Temperate; 43°N - 21°N, 116°E - 146°E
Northwest Pacific: western Japan to the East China Sea.
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 73.8 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 117085); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 3.8 kg (Ref. 124479)
Inhabits coastal waters (Ref. 2113), with mud to sandy mud bottoms. Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: commercieel
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13 - 24.8, mean 21.9 °C (based on 84 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00556 - 0.01303), b=3.06 (2.94 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (100 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 32.4 [18.8, 61.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.331 [0.175, 0.577] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [18.4, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.589 [0.329, 0.982] g/100g; Selenium = 14.3 [7.1, 28.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.25 [3.09, 29.22] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.552 [0.400, 0.807] mg/100g (wet weight);