分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Saccopharyngiformes (Swallowers and gulpers)
囊鰓鰻目 (Swallowers and gulpers) >
Eurypharyngidae (Gulpers)
寬咽魚科 (Gulpers)
Etymology: Eurypharynx: Greek, eurys = long + Greek, pharyngx = pharynx (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Vaillant.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海區的; 深度上下限 500 - 7625 m (Ref. 58426), usually 1200 - 1400 m (Ref. 559). 深水域; 67°N - 56°N, 180°W - 180°E
Circumglobal: In tropical to temperate waters. Eastern Pacific: ranges from northern California to Peru (Ref. 35600).
Circumglobal: 在熱帶到溫帶水域中。 東太平洋: 範圍從北加州到祕魯.(參考文獻 35600)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 27000); common length : 55.0 cm NG 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5755)
背棘 (總數): 0; 臀棘 0. Mouth greatly enlarged by a backward extension of jaws, gape comprising half or more of preanal length; buccal cavity greatly distensible. Tail attenuated and ending in an expanded, luminous caudal organ. Caudal fin absent; scales absent; lateral line without pores, instead with groups of elevated tubules.
嘴藉著顎的向後延長明顯增大, 口裂組成肛門前部分的長度的一半或更多; 噴水孔非常擴大。 尾部變細了而且末端形成一擴大, 發光的尾部器官。 尾鰭不存在; 鱗片不存在; 沒有孔的側線, 改為和群體的升高細管。
Meso- to abyssopelagic (Ref. 58302) and bathypelagic (Ref. 58426). Adults feed mainly on crustaceans, but also take fishes, cephalopods, and other invertebrates (Ref. 2850, 11041). Oviparous, planktonic eggs hatch into planktonic leptocephalus larvae (Ref. 6719, 35600). Degenerative changes in males and females suggest semelparity (Ref. 35600).
中層 到深淵的 (參考文獻 58302) 與深海區的.(參考文獻 58426) 主要捕食甲殼動物, 但也吃魚，頭足類動物與其他的無脊椎動物.(參考文獻 2850,11041) 卵生的, 浮游性卵孵化成浮游性狹首型幼魚仔魚.(參考文獻 6719,35600) 在雄性與雌性方面的退化改變意味著單次生殖。 (參考文獻 35600)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous (Ref. 35600). Degenerative changes in males and females suggest semelparity (Ref. 35600). Egg cells within each of the gonads have the same developmental stage (monocyclic ovaries) suggesting only one spawning during its lifetime or periodic spawning (Ref. 36055).Circumglobal: 在熱帶到溫帶水域中。 東太平洋: 範圍從北加州到祕魯.(參考文獻 35600)
Nielsen, J.G. and E. Bertelsen, 1990. Eurypharyngidae. p. 206. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4457)
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 2.3 - 5.5, mean 3.6 °C (based on 890 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00102 (0.00046 - 0.00225), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.57 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Assuming semelparity with tm>10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 15.6 [4.0, 64.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.408 [0.125, 1.243] mg/100g; Protein = 2.94 [0.00, 6.86] %; Omega3 = 0.192 [0.063, 0.599] g/100g; Selenium = 18.7 [6.0, 72.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 28.8 [3.8, 214.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.453 [0.206, 1.092] mg/100g (wet weight);
