Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي; لب شور نزديك كف زي; تغييرات عمق 15 - 110 m (Ref. 2850), usually 18 - 46 m (Ref. 2850). Subtropical; 48°N - 34°S, 125°W - 70°W
Eastern Pacific: Columbia River in Washington, USA to Chile, but rare north of Baja California, Mexico.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm 22.6  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 43.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 38398); common length : 30.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 9352)
Inhabits sand or sandy-mud bottom (Ref. 2850).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله
اطلاعات بيشتر
مراجعآبزي پرورينمايه آبزي پرورينژادهاژنتيكElectrophoresesوارثبيماري هافرآوریNutrientsMass conversion
همكارانعکس هاStamps, Coins Misc.صداهاسيگواتراسرعتنوع شناگریمنطقه آبششيOtolithsمغزهابینایی
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.3 - 28.9, mean 24.2 °C (based on 96 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00718 - 0.01753), b=2.96 (2.83 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 6.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (K=0.17-0.22; tm=3-4).
Prior r = 0.37, 95% CL = 0.25 - 0.56, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 82.7 [40.2, 181.0] mg/100g; Iron = 1.21 [0.66, 2.24] mg/100g; Protein = 17.2 [14.9, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.533 [0.247, 1.365] g/100g; Selenium = 26.3 [13.4, 59.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 21.5 [8.6, 57.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.889 [0.622, 1.285] mg/100g (wet weight);