Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Haemulidae (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Haemulon: Greek, haimaleos = bloody (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; reef-associated; depth range 0 - 60 m (Ref. 36484). Subtropical; 34°N - 34°S, 98°W - 34°W

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: Bermuda, South Carolina (USA), and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil; throughout the West Indies and the coasts of Central America (Ref. 3798).

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m 16.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 7251); common length : 17.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3798)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14-15; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 8. Mostly yellow, paler below. Scales below lateral line in oblique rows and much larger than those above lateral line. No other grunt has enlarged scales below the lateral line (Ref. 26938).

Occurs in large schools on rocky and coral reefs, often under ledges or close to elkhorn coral (Ref. 9710). Juveniles abundant in near-shore seagrass beds (Ref. 9710). Feeds mainly on small crustaceans (Ref. 3798). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3798).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 126983)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 October 2015

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; aquarium: public aquariums; bait: usually

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

More information

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Common names
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Age/Size
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Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 25.4 - 28, mean 27.2 °C (based on 240 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01349 (0.00859 - 0.02118), b=3.00 (2.87 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for species & Genus-BS (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.24).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 26.7 [11.5, 74.1] mg/100g ; Iron = 0.579 [0.281, 1.123] mg/100g ; Protein = 19.5 [17.5, 21.5] % ; Omega3 = 0.169 [0.076, 0.330] g/100g ; Selenium = 15.4 [7.0, 31.3] μg/100g ; VitaminA = 38 [10, 140] μg/100g ; Zinc = 0.714 [0.431, 1.162] mg/100g (wet weight);

Haemulon flavolineatum (Desmarest, 1823)