分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Haemulon: Greek, haimaleos = bloody (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 0 - 60 m (Ref. 36484). 亞熱帶的; 34°N - 34°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Bermuda, South Carolina (USA), and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil; throughout the West Indies and the coasts of Central America (Ref. 3798).
西大西洋: 百慕達群島，南卡羅萊那州 (美國) 與墨西哥灣北部到巴西; 在西印度群島與中美洲海岸各處.(參考文獻 3798)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 16.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 7251); common length : 17.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3798)
简单描述
型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数): 12; 背的软条 (总数): 14-15; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 8. Mostly yellow, paler below. Scales below lateral line in oblique rows and much larger than those above lateral line. No other grunt has enlarged scales below the lateral line (Ref. 26938).
大部份黄色, 腹面灰白的。 鳞片在侧线下形成斜的列与比那些在侧联机面者大很多。 没有其他石鲈科鱼类在侧线之下有增大的鳞片。 (参考文献 26938)
Occurs in large schools on rocky and coral reefs, often under ledges or close to elkhorn coral (Ref. 9710). Juveniles abundant in near-shore seagrass beds (Ref. 9710). Feeds mainly on small crustaceans (Ref. 3798). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3798).
在岩石与珊瑚礁上形成大群的鱼群, 时常岩架下或者接近 elkhorn 珊瑚.(参考文献 9710) 稚鱼丰富的在近岸海草床中.(参考文献 9710) 主要吃小型甲壳动物。 (参考文献 3798) 在市场上销售生鲜地了。 (参考文献 3798)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).西大西洋: 百慕達群島，南卡羅萊那州 (美國) 與墨西哥灣北部到巴西; 在西印度群島與中美洲海岸各處.(參考文獻 3798)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆; 诱饵: usually
更多信息
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.4 - 28, mean 27.2 °C (based on 240 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01380 (0.00879 - 0.02168), b=3.00 (2.87 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.24).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 26.7 [11.5, 74.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.579 [0.281, 1.123] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [17.5, 21.5] %; Omega3 = 0.169 [0.076, 0.330] g/100g; Selenium = 15.4 [7.0, 31.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 38 [10, 140] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.714 [0.431, 1.162] mg/100g (wet weight);
