United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: Atlantic thread herring, Thread herring
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: minor commercial | Ref: FAO, 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Present inshore south of Cape Hatteras (Ref. 37512). Also Ref. 26340, 27549, 93252.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Chardin fil, Machuelo hebra atlántico, Мачуэла атлантическая, ... more

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Opisthonema: Greek, opisthe = behind + Greek,nema = filament (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lesueur.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋礁區魚類; 深度上下限 1 - 50 m (Ref. 93252), usually 5 - ? m (Ref. 9710). 熱帶; 41°N - 37°S, 98°W - 33°W (Ref. 188)

分布國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: Gulf of Maine (USA), Bermuda, throughout the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean and West Indies southward to Santa Catarina, Brazil. Also found in Uruguay (Ref. 54736) and Argentina (Ref. 2806).
西大西洋: 緬因灣 (美國) ，百慕達群島, 在墨西哥灣各處，加勒比海與西印度群島向南至巴西的聖特琳娜。哥倫比亞形式可能地是一個亞種， Opisthonema oglinum captivai 。

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: L_m 11.5, range 11 - ? cm
Max length : 38.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); common length : 20.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 188); 最大體重: 375.00 g (Ref. 5217)

簡短描述檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 19 - 21; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 23 - 24. The filamentous last dorsal fin ray distinguishes this species from all other western Atlantic clupeoids except Dorosoma, which has an inferior mouth (Ref. 188). Otherwise, superficially resembles species of Sardinella (but i 8 pelvic fin rays in western Atlantic species, cf. i 7 in Opisthonema) and Harengula (but small toothed hypomaxilla in upper jaw) (Ref. 188). Lower gill rakers stable at 28 to 46 after 8 cm (Ref. 188). Silvery, with a bluish or greenish back, 6-7 lengthwise dark streaks on side. Dark spot above opercle, larger dark spot behind opercle, usually with a row of dark spots behind it. Lower profile deeply curved. Head pointed (Ref. 7251).
絲狀的最後背鰭鰭條除了 Dorosoma 以外將此種與所有的其他大西洋西部鯡魚區分開, 有一個下方的嘴.(參考文獻 188) 不一樣地, 表面地與 沙丁魚 (但是 i 大西洋西部種的 8個腹鰭鰭條, 比較 i 7 在 Opisthonema 中) 與 Harengula(但是小的有齒 hypomaxilla 在上頜中) 的種相似.(參考文獻 188) 下鰓耙趕入馬房裏在 28 到 46 在 8 公分之後.(參考文獻 188) 銀色的, 具有一個藍色或呈綠色的背面,6-7 在側邊上的縱長深色條紋。在鰓蓋上面的深色斑點 , 較大的深色斑點在後鰓蓋,通常有在它後面的一列深色斑點。低的輪廓深深地彎曲。頭部尖的.(參考文獻 7251)

Inhabit harbors and shallow coastal areas (Ref. 9710). Pelagic (Ref. 27549). Form schools (but solitary individuals reported), probably not entering water of low salinity. Feed by filtering plankton (copepods), but also take small fishes, crabs and shrimps. Marketed fresh, frozen and salted; also used in the fishmeal industry. Occur in freshwater in St. Johns River, Florida (Ref. 26938).

棲息於港灣與淺灘沿岸區域。 (參考文獻 9710) 形成魚群 (但是獨居性的個體報告), 可能不進入低鹽度的水域。藉著過濾浮游生物 (橈腳類的動物) 覓食, 但也吃小魚，螃蟹與蝦。在市場上銷售生鮮地了, 冷凍與鹽醃的; 也被用於魚粉業。在聖約翰河，佛羅里達出現在淡水。 (參考文獻 26938)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚

Possibly breeds in March-July off Venezuela.西大西洋: 緬因灣 (美國) ，百慕達群島, 在墨西哥灣各處，加勒比海與西印度群島向南至巴西的聖特琳娜。哥倫比亞形式可能地是一個亞種， Opisthonema oglinum captivai 。

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 23 August 2012

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

有雪卡魚毒中毒的報導 (Ref. 30911)

人類使用

漁業: 商業性; 誘餌: usually

FAO(漁業: 產生; publication : search) | FishSource | 周邊海洋

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 22.7 - 28, mean 25.5 (based on 480 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00745 - 0.00972), b=3.03 (2.99 - 3.07), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

營養階層 (Ref. 69278): 4.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.

回復力 (Ref. 120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=1-3; tmax=8).

Prior r = 1.18, 95% CL = 0.78 - 1.77, Based on 4 data-limited stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (24 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).

價格種類 (Ref. 80766): Low.

Opisthonema oglinum (Lesueur, 1818)

Common names from other countries

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

分布國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

簡短描述檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

生物學特性字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

CITES (Ref. 128078)

CMS (Ref. 116361)

對人類具威脅

人類使用

更多資訊

工具

特別的報告

下載 XML

網路資源

Estimates based on models

Opisthonema oglinum (Lesueur, 1818)

Common names from other countries

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

生物學特性 字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

CITES (Ref. 128078)

CMS (Ref. 116361)

對人類具威脅

人類使用

更多資訊

工具

特別的報告

下載 XML

網路資源

Estimates based on models

分布國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

簡短描述檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

生物學特性字彙 (例如 epibenthic)