United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: Hogfish
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Present offshore south of Cape Hatteras (Ref. 37512).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Labre capitaine, Doncella de pluma, Jaqueton blanco, ... more

Classification / Names Nomi Comuni | Sinonimi | Catalog of Fishes(Genere, Specie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Labridae (Wrasses)
Etymology: Lachnolaimus: Greek, lachne, -es = more covered with hair than other + Greek, laimos = throat (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Walbaum.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marino associati a barriera corallina; distribuzione batimetrica 3 - 30 m (Ref. 9710). Subtropical; 46°N - 4°N, 98°W - 51°W

Distribuzione Stati | Aree FAO | Ecosystems | Presenze | Point map | Introduzioni | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia (Canada), Bermuda, and northern Gulf of Mexico to northern South America.

Length at first maturity / Size / Peso / Age

Maturity: L_m 18.1 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 91.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 7251); common length : 35.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 3726); peso massimo pubblicato: 11.0 kg (Ref. 36052); Età massima riportata: 23 anni (Ref. 93706)

Short description Chiavi di identificazione | Morfologia | Morfometria

Spine dorsali (totale) : 14; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 11; Spine anali: 3; Raggi anali molli: 10. Deep-bodied wrasse with a strongly arched dorsal profile. First 3 dorsal spines filamentous. Only wrasse with elongate dorsal spines and such a highly arched profile (Ref. 26938). Color variable but generally mottled brownish red with a black spot at rear base of dorsal fin (Ref. 13442).

A large and economically valuable species, monandric and a protogynous hermaphrodite (Ref. 93709). Adults are found over open bottoms or coral reef areas (Ref. 5217). Often encountered where gorgonians are abundant (Ref. 13442). Feed mainly on mollusks, also crabs and sea urchins (Ref. 3726). Flesh highly esteemed; marketed fresh and frozen (Ref. 3726). Have been reared in captivity (Ref. 35420).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Riproduzione | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larve

Monandric (no primary males) , protogynous hermaphrodites. Sex change is postmaturation; it is initiated among individuals 30-40 cm LF (or 3-5 yrs) but was also observed in fish as large as 69.4 cm LF (13 yrs). Sex change occurred after one more spawning (as a female) seasons and requires several months to complete (Ref.74380). Harem spawner (Ref.74381). Spawning activity is characterised by the following event called 'spawning rush': 1) pectoral swim up, 2) tail swim, 3) swin alongsode and tilt, 4) release, 5) circle and display, and 6) swim down (Ref. 74381).

Main reference Upload your references | Bibliografia | Coordinatore : Westneat, Mark | Collaboratori

Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Vulnerabile, vedi Lista Rossa IUCN (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 04 February 2009

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 7251)

Human uses

Pesca: scarso interesse commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si; Acquario: Commerciale

FAO(pesca: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Trophic ecology
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Fonti Internet

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 23.7 - 28.2, mean 27.2 (based on 697 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02239 (0.01381 - 0.03628), b=2.95 (2.80 - 3.10), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.2 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.

Resilienza (Ref. 120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (K=0.09; Fec=100,000; tm=1.1).

Prior r = 0.19, 95% CL = 0.13 - 0.29, Based on 2 full stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (59 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Lachnolaimus maximus (Walbaum, 1792)