United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: Croaker, White croaker
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: of no interest | Ref: Hart, J.L., 1973
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: bait: yes;
Comments: Sometimes used as bait in California (Ref. 6885). Also in Ref. 51256.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Courbine blanche, Roncador blanco, Kingfish, ... more

Classification / Names Nomi Comuni | Sinonimi | Catalog of Fishes(Genere, Specie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Genyonemus: Greek, geny, -yos = face, jaw + Greek, nema = filament (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ayres.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marino benthopelagico; distribuzione batimetrica ? - 183 m (Ref. 2850), usually ? - 30 m (Ref. 2850). Subtropical; 49°N - 24°N, 129°W - 111°W

Distribuzione Stati | Aree FAO | Ecosystems | Presenze | Point map | Introduzioni | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Canada (Barkley Sound in British Columbia) to Mexico (southern Baja California; rare north of California, USA.

Length at first maturity / Size / Peso / Age

Maturity: L_m 14.0, range 13 - 15 cm
Max length : 41.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 2850); Età massima riportata: 15 anni (Ref. 56049)

Short description Chiavi di identificazione | Morfologia | Morfometria

Spine dorsali (totale) : 13 - 16; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 21 - 24; Spine anali: 2; Raggi anali molli: 11 - 12; Vertebre: 25. Pelvic fins with fleshy appendage at base, first ray with free thread-like tip.

Found over sandy bottoms (Ref. 9118). Feed on polychaetes, small shrimps, crabs and mollusks (Ref. 9118). Oviparous, multiple pelagic spawner (Ref. 51256).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Riproduzione | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larve

A multiple spawner (Ref. 51256).

Main reference Upload your references | Bibliografia | Coordinatore | Collaboratori

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 October 2019

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Pesca: scarso interesse commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si

FAO(pesca: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Informazioni ulteriori

Trophic ecology
Prede
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Food consumptions
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Ecology
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Population dynamics
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Length-weight rel.
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Life cycle
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Distribution
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Genetics
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References
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Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Summary page | Point data | Nomi Comuni | Photos

Fonti Internet

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 7.7 - 18.1, mean 10.7 (based on 104 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00561 - 0.01865), b=3.09 (2.94 - 3.24), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.4 ±0.49 se; based on food items.

Resilienza (Ref. 120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (tm=1; tmax = 15; Min batch fecundity = 800).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Low.

Genyonemus lineatus (Ayres, 1855)