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Genyonemus lineatus (Ayres, 1855)

White croaker
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Genyonemus lineatus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Genyonemus lineatus (White croaker)
Genyonemus lineatus
Picture by Gotshall, D.W.


United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: Croaker, White croaker
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: of no interest | Ref: Hart, J.L., 1973
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: bait: yes;
Comments: Sometimes used as bait in California (Ref. 6885). Also in Ref. 51256.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983
National Database:

Common names from other countries

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) 鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers) 石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Genyonemus: Greek, geny, -yos = face, jaw + Greek, nema = filament (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Ayres.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋 底中水層性; 深度上下限 ? - 183 m (Ref. 2850), usually ? - 30 m (Ref. 2850).   亞熱帶的; 49°N - 24°N, 129°W - 111°W

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Canada (Barkley Sound in British Columbia) to Mexico (southern Baja California; rare north of California, USA.
東太平洋: 到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞南部的在加拿大卑詩省中的 Barkley 聲音; 美國加州稀有北方。

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm 14.0, range 13 - 15 cm
Max length : 41.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2850); 最大年齡: 15 年 (Ref. 56049)

簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

背棘 (總數) : 13 - 16; 背的軟條 (總數) : 21 - 24; 臀棘: 2; 臀鰭軟條: 11 - 12; 脊椎骨: 25. Pelvic fins with fleshy appendage at base, first ray with free thread-like tip.
在基底的腹鰭有肉質的附肢, 第一個鰭條具有自由像線一樣的頂端。

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Found over sandy bottoms (Ref. 9118). Feed on polychaetes, small shrimps, crabs and mollusks (Ref. 9118). Oviparous, multiple pelagic spawner (Ref. 51256).

發現在砂質底部上了。 (參考文獻 9118) 吃多毛類動物,小的蝦,螃蟹與軟體動物。 (參考文獻 9118) 卵生的, 多隻產卵魚.(參考文獻 51256)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚

A multiple spawner (Ref. 51256).東太平洋: 到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞南部的在加拿大卑詩省中的 Barkley 聲音; 美國加州稀有北方。

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 October 2019

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  無害處的




人類使用

漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的
FAO(漁業: 產生; publication : search) | FishSource | 周邊海洋

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Trophic ecology
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Ecology
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參考文獻

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 7.7 - 18.1, mean 10.7 (based on 104 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 1.0000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00561 - 0.01865), b=3.09 (2.94 - 3.24), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  3.4   ±0.49 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=1; tmax = 15; Min batch fecundity = 800).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
價格種類 (Ref. 80766):   Low.