Portugal country information

Common names: Albacora, Albacora-ôlho-grande, Alvacor
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: minor commercial | Ref: FAO, 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist: Portugal
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/po.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983
National Database: Portuguese Freshwater Fishes

Common names from other countries

Patudo, Тунец большеглазый, Thon obèse, ... more

رده بندی / Names اسامي عام | مترادف | Catalog of Fishes(جنس, گونه ها) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Scombriformes (Mackerels) > Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Thunnus: Greek, thynnos = tunna (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lowe.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range بوم شناسي

دريايي; اقیانوس رو (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق 0 - 1500 m (Ref. 117020), usually 0 - 500 m (Ref. 117020). Subtropical; 13°C - 29°C (Ref. 168); 52°N - 48°S, 180°W - 180°E

پراكنش كشورها | مناطق سازمان خوار و بار جهاني (FAO) | Ecosystems | ظهور | Point map | معرفي | Faunafri

Atlantic, Indian and Pacific: in tropical and subtropical waters. Absent in the Mediterranean. Highly migratory species.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن

Maturity: L_m 112.5, range 100 - 125 cm
Max length : 250 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 27000); common length : 180 cm FL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 168); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 210.0 kg (Ref. 9987); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 11 سال ها (Ref. 30326)

توصيف مختصر كليدهاي شناسايي | ريخت شناسي | ريخت ستجي بوسيله انداره گيري

خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 13 - 14; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 14 - 15; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 14; مهره ها: 39. This large species is distinguished by the following characters: robust, fusiform body, slightly compressed from side to side; total gill rakers on first gill arch 23-31; dorsal fins separated only by a narrow interspace, the second followed by 8-10 finlets; anal fin followed by 7-10 finlets; pectoral fins moderately long (22 to 31% of fork length) in large specimens (over 110 cm FL), but very long (as long as in Thunnus alalunga) in smaller specimens; 2 flaps (interpelvic process) between pelvic fins; very small scales on body; corselet of larger and thicker scales developed, but not very distinct; caudal peduncle very slender, with a strong lateral keel between 2 smaller keels; ventral surface of liver striated; swimbladder present. Colour of back metallic dark blue, lower sides and belly whitish; a lateral iridescent blue band runs along sides in live specimens; first dorsal fin deep yellow, second dorsal and anal fins light yellow, finlets bright yellow edged with black (Ref. 9684).

Occur in areas where water temperatures range from 13°-29°C, but the optimum is between 17° and 22°C. Variation in occurrence is closely related to seasonal and climatic changes in surface temperature and thermocline. Juveniles and small adults school at the surface in mono-species groups or mixed with other tunas, may be associated with floating objects. Adults stay in deeper waters (Ref. 5377). Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6390). Feed on a wide variety of fishes, cephalopods and crustaceans during the day and at night (Ref. 9340). Meat is highly prized and processed into sashimi in Japan. Marketed mainly canned or frozen (Ref. 9684), but also sold fresh (Ref. 9340).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)

Are multiple spawners that may spawn every 1 or 2 days over several months (Ref. 30330). They spawn over periods of the full moon (Ref. 6390). Spawn throughout the year in tropical waters (Ref. 6390).

مآخذ اصلی Upload your references | مراجع | هماهنگ كننده : Collette, Bruce B. | همكاران

Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)

وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)

آسیب پذیر، به فهرست قرمز IUCN مراجعه کنید (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 15 January 2021

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

خطر برای انسان ها

Harmless

استفاده انسانی

ماهي گيري – شيلات: با ارزش تجاري بالا; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله

FAO(ماهي گيري – شيلات: production, نمايه گونه; publication : search) | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

اطلاعات بيشتر

Trophic ecology
اقلام غذايي
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
شکارچیان

Ecology
بوم شناسي
Home ranges

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
نوسانات طولی
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances

Life cycle
تولید مثل
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
توزاد ( لارو)
پويايي لاروي

Distribution
كشورها
مناطق سازمان خوار و بار جهاني (FAO)
Ecosystems
ظهور
معرفي
BRUVS - Videos

Anatomy
Gill areas
مغزها
Otoliths

Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
صداهاي ماهي ها
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
ژنتيك
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities

Human related
Aquaculture systems
نمايه هاي آبزي پروري
نژادها
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

Outreach
همكاران

Taxonomy
اسامي عام
مترادف
ريخت شناسي
ريخت ستجي بوسيله انداره گيري
عکس ها

References
مراجع

ابزارها

گزارش های ويژه

راجع به نگهداری آکواريم ملاحظه کنيد | برگه اطلاعات و مشخصات گونه ها را ملاحظه کنيد | برگه اطلاعات و مشخصات آبزی پروری را ببينيد

بارگيری XML

صفحه خلاصه | Point data | اسامي عام | تصاوير

منابع اينترنتي

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 16.8 - 28.6, mean 26.6 (based on 3638 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.01039 - 0.01673), b=3.03 (2.99 - 3.07), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.

جهندگی (Ref. 120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (K=0.11-0.23; tm=3; tmax=11; Fec=2 million).

Prior r = 0.52, 95% CL = 0.34 - 0.77, Based on 10 full stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (56 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).

طبقه قيمت (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Thunnus obesus (Lowe, 1839)