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Sarotherodon galilaeus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Mango tilapia
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Sarotherodon galilaeus
Picture by Nightingale, A.


Israel country information

Common names: Amnon hagalil, Amnun galil, Nusht abiad
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref: Krupp, F. and W. Schneider, 1989
Importance: commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Yarqon, Hula and Lake Kinneret. Not threatened in Israel (but elsewhere). May have been introduced (Ref. 74657).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/is.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Johnson, R.P., 1974
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Классификация / Names народные названия | синонимы | Catalog of Fishes(род, виды) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Sarotherodon: Greek, saros, -ou = sawdust + Greek, ther = animal * Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range экология

; пресноводный; солоноватоводный демерсальный; мигрирует в реке (Ref. 51243); пределы глубины 5 - ? m (Ref. 28714).   Subtropical; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 2059); 35°N - 15°S

распространение страны | регионы FAO | Ecosystems | места находок | Point map | интродукции | Faunafri

Africa and Eurasia: Jordan system, especially in lakes; coastal rivers of Israel; Nile system, including the delta lakes and Lake Albert and Turkana; in West Africa in the Senegal, Gambia, Casamance, Géba, Konkouré, Sassandra, Bandama, Comoé, Niger, Volta, Tano, Lake Bosumtwi, Mono, Ouémé, Ogun, Cross, Benue, Logone, Shari and Lake Chad; Draa (Morocco), Adrar (Mauritania); Saharian oases Borku, Ennedi and Tibesti in northern Chad; Sanaga and Nyong basins in Cameroon (Ref. 4999). In the Congo basin, Sarotherodon galilaeus boulengeri is known from the lower and middle Congo River from Matadi to Pool Malebo (=Stanley Pool) and the lower Kasai (Ref. 2) and Lukenie (Ref. 55074) while Sarotherodon galilaeus galilaeus is present in the middle Congo River basin, in the middle Congo River and drainages of the Ubangi, Uele (Ref. 2, 55074), Itimbiri (Ref. 2, 55074, 106290), Aruwimi (Ref. 106290) and Lomami (Ref. 106245). Sarotherodon galilaeus is also reported from the Luilaka River (Ruki drainage, middle Congo River basin) (Ref. 93897). Five subspecies are recognized: Sarotherodon galilaeus borkuanus, Sarotherodon galilaeus boulengeri, Sarotherodon galilaeus galilaeus, Sarotherodon galilaeus multifasciatus, Sarotherodon galilaeus sanagaensis.

Length at first maturity / Size / Вес / Возраст

Maturity: Lm 16.3, range 16 - ? cm
Max length : 39.5 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 57961); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 1.6 kg (Ref. 2756)

Краткое описание определительные ключи | морфология | морфометрия

колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 14 - 17; членистые (мягкие) лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 11 - 14; колючие лучи анального плавника: 3; членистые (мягкие) лучи анального плавника: 9 - 12; позвонки: 27 - 31. Diagnosis: 20-27 rakers on lower limb of first arch; length of lower pharyngeal jaw < 43.5% of head length; 29-32 scales in lateral line series; toothed area of lower pharyngeal jaw broad > 2-3 times in keel length (Ref. 81260). Upper profile of snout straight or slightly arched (Ref. 53405). Head length 32.5-39.0% SL (Ref. 53405, 81260). 27-30 total dorsal-fin rays (average 28-29); body depth 43.0-56.5% SL (usually over 45%); length of pectoral fins 36.0-50.0% SL; interorbital space 36.0-44.0% HL (Ref. 53405). Caudal fin naked except at base; melanin patches only in occasional individuals, not populations; reproductive individuals greyish dorsally, silvery ventrally; margin of dorsal and caudal fins pinkish; pectoral usually extending to above vent or spinous anal fin; males with longer soft dorsal and anal fin-rays (Ref. 2).

биология     глоссарий (например epibenthic)

Has been known to occur at 9°C; occasionally form schools; territorial (Ref. 2). Adults prefer open waters but juveniles and breeding adults are found inshore (Ref. 4999). Often associated with beds of submerged vegetation in Sudd lakes; feed on algae and fine organic debris; bi-parental mouthbrooder (Ref. 28714). Lacks marked sexual dichromatism when sexually active; forms temporary pair bonds (Ref. 81260). Maximum size recorded at 41.0 cm TL (Ref. 2756).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | размножение | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | личинки

The initiative throughout courting and mating is taken predominantly by the female; female mainly responsible for the excavation of nest and defending mating territory. Pair-formation exists and is dissolved as soon as the eggs are in the parental mouth. Mouth brooding is reportedly biparental.

Основная ссылка Upload your references | ссылки | координатор : Kullander, Sven O. | соавторы

Trewavas, E., 1983. Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2)

Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)


CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Угроза для людей

  Harmless




Использование человеком

рыболовство: коммерческий; аквакультура (рыбоводство): коммерческий; аквариум: коммерческий
FAO(Aquaculture systems: production; рыболовство: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

дополнительная информация

Trophic ecology
пищевые объекты
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
хищники
Ecology
экология
Home ranges
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Размерный состав
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
размножение
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
личинки
динамика численности личинок
Anatomy
Gill areas
мозг
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
звуки, издаваемые рыбами
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
генетика
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
особенности рыбоводства
степень растяжения
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
соавторы
References
ссылки

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5001   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01778 (0.01393 - 0.02270), b=3.00 (2.93 - 3.07), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  2.0   ±0.00 se; based on food items.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref. 120179):  средний (среднего размера), минимальное время удвоения популяции 1.4-4.4 года (K=0.22-0.5; tm=1.5-2; Fec > 1,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
Категория цены (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.