Common names from other countries
分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 3 - 150 m (Ref. 9281). 熱帶; 30°N - 35°S, 29°E - 70°W
Indo-Pacific: in tropical waters, from South Africa to Hawaii and Easter Island, north to southern Japan and south to Lord Howe Island. Eastern Pacific: Revillagigedo, Clipperton and Cocos islands (Ref. 9281).
印度-太平洋: 在熱帶水域, 從南非到夏威夷與復活島中, 北至日本南部而且南至羅得豪島。 東太平洋: 雷維拉吉哥多島，克利珀頓島與科科斯群島.(參考文獻 9281)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 51.0 cm NG 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 89467); 最大體重: 1.8 kg (Ref. 89467)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 96 - 104; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 74 - 81. Eyed side with dark margined light colored spots and numerous scattered small dark spots; normally with 3 dark blotches or spots on lateral line; dorsal and anal fins with longitudinal row of widely-spaced dark spots; pectorals of the eyed side with dark crossbars (Ref. 4417).
有眼睛的一邊具有深色的邊緣是淡色的斑點與很多的分散小深色的斑點; 通常在側線上有三個黑色斑塊或斑點; 背鰭與臀鰭有空隙大深色的斑點的縱向列; 胸鰭那有眼睛的一面具有深色的交叉條紋.(參考文獻 4417)
Inhabit sandy bottoms of coastal coral reefs (Ref. 5213, 48637), generally in shallow water (Ref. 9281). Benthic (Ref. 58302). Hunt mostly at night, but also active during the day. Often crawling over low rocky reef (Ref. 48637). Occasionally rest on bare rock (Ref. 1602). Feed on fishes, crabs and shrimps. Collected by divers (Ref. 9824).
棲息於海岸珊瑚礁 (參考文獻 5213,48637) 的砂質底部, 通常在淺水區中.(參考文獻 9281) 大部份獵捕在晚上, 也活躍的在白天期間。 時常爬行在低的岩石礁之上.(參考文獻 48637) 偶然地停留在裸露的岩石上。 (參考文獻 1602) 捕食魚，螃蟹與蝦。 由潛水者收集.。 (參考文獻 9824)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
印度-太平洋: 在熱帶水域, 從南非到夏威夷與復活島中, 北至日本南部而且南至羅得豪島。 東太平洋: 雷維拉吉哥多島，克利珀頓島與科科斯群島.(參考文獻 9281)
Hensley, D.A., 1986. Bothidae. p. 854-863. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4417)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 11 November 2019
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
工具
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 23.8 - 29, mean 27.7 (based on 1590 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00426 - 0.02347), b=3.07 (2.89 - 3.25), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).
