分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Scaridae (Parrotfishes)
鸚哥魚科 (Parrotfishes) > Scarinae
Etymology: Scarus: Greek, skaros = a fish described by anciente writers as a parrot fish; 1601 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 2 - 25 m (Ref. 37816). 熱帶
Indo-Pacific: widespread in the Indian Ocean (Ref. 9793), ranging from East Africa south to Natal, South Africa (Ref. 5490) and east to Madagascar, Seychelles, Mauritius, Chagos Archipelago, and Maldives through the eastern Indian Ocean to French Polynesia and Pitcairn. Replaced by Scarus forsteni in most of the Pacific, with overlapping distributions in the Philippines, eastern Indonesia and Palau (Ref. 37816). Recently reported from Tonga (Ref. 53797).
印度-太平洋: 廣泛分佈在被範圍從東非的印度洋 (參考文獻 9793) 南至南非的納塔爾 (參考文獻 5490) 而且東至馬達加斯加，塞錫爾群島，模里西斯，查戈斯群島與馬爾地夫經過東印度洋到法屬玻里尼西亞與皮特凱恩島。 在菲律賓，印尼東部與帛琉中有部分重疊的分布,在大部分的太平洋被 Scarus forsteni 取代了。 (參考文獻 37816) 最近記錄自東加。 (參考文獻 53797)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 52.7 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 125599); common length : 17.5 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9793); 最大體重: 2.9 kg (Ref. 125599)
背棘 (總數) : 9; 背的軟條 (總數) : 10; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 9. Males differ slightly in head pattern and differences most obvious in females with yellow or red anal fins (Ref. 48636). Terminal phase similar to S. forsteni, differing primarily by having a yellow inner pectoral axil (Ref. 37816).
雄性差異很小在雌性中是明顯的頭部圖案與不同大部分有黃色的或紅色的臀鰭.(參考文獻 48636) 最後階段類似 S. forsteni, 主要差異為有一個黃色的內部胸葉腋。 (參考文獻 37816)
Inhabits lagoon and seaward reefs, in areas with dense coral growth (Ref. 9710) up to at least 30 m. Usually solitary, sometimes in groups (Ref. 9710). Feeds on benthic algae (Ref. 3488).
棲息於潟湖與臨海礁石, 在有稠密的珊瑚區成長 (參考文獻 9710) 的區域中向上到至少 30 公尺。 通常獨居性的, 有時成群.(參考文獻 9710) 吃水底的藻類。 (參考文獻 3488)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).印度-太平洋: 廣泛分佈在被範圍從東非的印度洋 (參考文獻 9793) 南至南非的納塔爾 (參考文獻 5490) 而且東至馬達加斯加，塞錫爾群島，模里西斯，查戈斯群島與馬爾地夫經過東印度洋到法屬玻里尼西亞與皮特凱恩島。 在菲律賓，印尼東部與帛琉中有部分重疊的分布,在大部分的太平洋被 Scarus forsteni 取代了。 (參考文獻 37816) 最近記錄自東加。 (參考文獻 53797)
Randall, J.E. and J.H. Choat, 1980. Two new parrotfishes of the genus Scarus from the Central and South Pacific, with further examples of sexual dichromatism. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 70:383-419. (Ref. 2689)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 19 September 2009
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.9 - 29.3, mean 28.4 °C (based on 3096 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01778 (0.01082 - 0.02921), b=3.06 (2.93 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 51.9 [33.6, 86.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.833 [0.578, 1.274] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.5, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.094 [0.064, 0.138] g/100g; Selenium = 16.9 [10.4, 26.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 59.4 [18.4, 194.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.51 [1.91, 3.27] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
