Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
; air tawar bentopelagis; potamodromous (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman 15 - ? m (Ref. 12192). Subtropical; 15°C - 30°C (Ref. 40948); 29°N - 20°N
Asia: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 36.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 200 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 85009); common length : 17.5 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 41236); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 9.0 kg (Ref. 4832); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 10 Tahun (Ref. 58486)
Inhabit rivers and lakes, also in rapid streams with rocky bottom (Ref. 41236). Grow better in a river with a rocky bottom. Travel toward headwaters at the start of the rainy season and downstream at the end of the rainy season. Omnivorous, feed on filamentous algae, chironomid larvae, water beetles and crustaceans. Spawn from March to September, over stones and gravel (Ref. 40948). Reported to reach 150 cm TL (Ref. 12192), and gain a maximum weight of 68 kg by Thomas, 1897 (Ref. 4832). Considered a long-living species (Ref. 58486).
Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. vol 1. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. i-liv + 1-541, 1 map (Ref. 4832)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial; Budidaya air: komersial; Ikan buruan: ya
informasi lanjut
mitraGambarStamps, Coins Misc.Suara-suaraCiguateraKecepatanTipe renangArea insangOtolithsOtakPenglihatan / visi
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00422 - 0.02065), b=3.01 (2.82 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 2.6 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (K=0.14; tmax=10; Fec=6,400 (batch fecundity)).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).