分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cypriniformes (Carps) >
Catostomidae (Suckers) > Catostominae
Etymology: Catostomus: Greek, kata = down + Greek, stoma = mouth (Ref. 45335); commersonii: Named after P. Commerson, early french naturalist..
More on author: Lacepède.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的, usually ? - 30 m (Ref. 1998). 溫帶; 0°C - 29°C (Ref. 35682); 68°N - 34°N
North America: throughout most of Canada to the Atlantic Coast, south through North Carolina to New Mexico in the USA, becoming less common in the southern High Plains.
北美洲: 在大部分的加拿大到各處大西洋的海岸，南至美國北卡羅萊那州到新墨西哥州, 在南方的高平原中變成較不普遍。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 23 - ? cm
Max length : 65.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 10294); common length : 40.7 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大体重: 2.9 kg (Ref. 4699); 最大年龄: 12 年 (Ref. 12193)
Inhabits a wide range of habitats, from rocky pools and riffles of headwaters to large lakes. Usually occurs in small, clear, cool creeks and small to medium rivers. May be found at a depth greater than 45 m (Ref. 1998). Moves to shallower water near sunrise and sunset to feed. Fry (1.2 cm in length) feed on plankton and other small invertebrates; bottom feeding commences upon reaching a length of 1.6-1.8 cm. Preyed upon by birds, fishes, lamprey, and mammals (Ref. 1998). Flesh is white, flaky, and sweet (Ref. 1998).
从河川源头的岩石的深潭与急流到大的湖,栖息于宽范围的栖息地。 通常出现于中小且清澈的, 冷的小溪与小型到中型的河。 可能被发现在深度大于 45 公尺。 (参考文献 1998) 移动到较浅的水域接近日出与日落时觅食。 鱼苗 (1.2 公分长) 吃浮游生物与其他的小型无脊椎动物; 当达到 1.6-1.8 公分的长度时开始在底部觅食。 被鸟，鱼，八目鳗与哺乳动物捕食了。 (参考文献 1998) 肉是白色的，薄片的，与甜的。 (参考文献 1998)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Adults home to certain gravelly spawning streams. Two to four males crowd around a female and press against her with their fins. Eggs are scattered and adhere to the gravel or are carried downstream and adhere to the substrate when the water is calmer. The spawning act lasts for 3-4 seconds and may occur 6-40 times an hour (Ref. 1998). Spent adults return to the lake 10-14 days after spawning began. Most females return to the lake during the first half of the downstream migration followed by most males in the latter half. Downstream fry migration occurs between dusk and dawn (Ref. 10928).北美洲: 在大部分的加拿大到各處大西洋的海岸，南至美國北卡羅萊那州到新墨西哥州, 在南方的高平原中變成較不普遍。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 养殖: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 诱饵: occasionally
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00986 - 0.01608), b=2.99 (2.92 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 8.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (tm=6; tmax=12).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (57 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 52.1 [25.3, 83.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.403 [0.252, 0.694] mg/100g; Protein = 16.6 [14.4, 19.2] %; Omega3 = 0.736 [0.374, 1.461] g/100g; Selenium = 14.8 [8.2, 28.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.4 [4.2, 29.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.696 [0.520, 0.964] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
