Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة قاعية التغذية و المعيشة; pH range: 7.0 - 8.0; dH range: 10 - 33. Tropical; 24°C - 30°C (Ref. 7335)
Central America: Atlantic slope, in the Grijalva River basin from the Grande de Chiapa drainage in Mexico to Lagartero River in Guatemala.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.3 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 36377)
Inhabits lower river to middle river valleys as well as lake. Prefers moderate flowing streams and large rivers with strong currents which are clear, clean and high in oxygen content. Can be found over rocks, sand, silt, or mud. Occurs in most all the habitats available within its small territorial boundaries.
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Parents care for eggs and larvae. Larvae feed on the thickened skin of the parents. Pairs may stay together for a long time (Ref. 40602).
Kullander, S.O., 2003. Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36377)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مزيد من المعلومات
مراجعالأستزراع المائيملف الأستزراع المائيسلالاتجينيElectrophoresesالتوريثالأمراضمعالجةNutrientsMass conversion
المتعاونينصورStamps, Coins Misc.اصواتالتسمم باكل السمكسرعةنوع السباحةمنطقة الخياشيمعظمة الأذندماغرؤية
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02239 (0.01262 - 0.03971), b=3.08 (2.92 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
المرونه (Ref.
120179): عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).