Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Écologie
; eau douce benthopélagique; pH range: 7.0 - ?. Tropical; 25°C - 28°C (Ref. 13614)
South America: Rio Solimões-Amazonas along the main channel and lower courses of tributaries; Peru, Colombia and Brazil; including Araguari and lower Oyapock rivers north of the Amazon. Probably much more widespread in the lowland Amazon basin.
Length at first maturity / Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturity: Lm ?, range 20 - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm SL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 50805); poids max. publié: 9.0 kg (Ref. 35237)
Diagnosis: This species is similar to C. kelberi and C. pleiozona in having three dark vertical bars on side, presence of a pronounced occipital bar in large specimens, absence of black or ocellated markings laterally on head, and presence of irregular dark blotches on anterior abdominal side. Differs from C. pleiozona by having less scales in a lateral row (68-87 vs. 84-93 in C. pleiozona) and typical absence of dark vertical bar anteriorly on caudal peduncle, and from C. kelberi by absence of light spots on anal and pelvic fins and lower caudal fin (Ref. 57716).
Specimens collected were from flood prone areas, but in the Amazon the biotopes are more varied. This fish forays along the shore where small fishes may be concentrated. Juveniles feed on shrimps, while adults are almost exclusively piscivore. Oviparous (Ref. 205). Males are sexually mature after one year while females mature after two years. During reproduction which is not markedly seasonal, large males develop a frontal hump and become territorial (Ref. 35237). Maximum length 80 cm TL (Ref. 35237).
Oviparous (Ref. 205). May spawn 3-4 times a year in batches of 50 to 100 eggs, each spawning lasting 2-3 hours (Ref. 50805).
Kullander, S.O. and E.J.G. Ferreira, 2006. A review of the South American cichlid genus Cichla, with descriptions of nine new species. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 17(4):289-398. (Ref. 57716)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Menace pour l'homme
Harmless
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: intérêt commercial mineur; Aquarium: Aquariums publics
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00561 - 0.02824), b=3.04 (2.86 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Niveau trophique (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.66 se; based on food items.
Résilience (Ref.
120179): Milieu, temps minimum de doublement de population : 1,4 à 4,4 années (Fec=150-400).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
