Fundulus bermudae is endemic to the islands of Bermuda and is listed as a protected species in the Bermuda Protected Species Act 2003. Killifishes were described as abundant and widespread in the wetland communities of Bermuda during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, but are now only found in nine small, isolated ponds. F. bermudae are found in seven of these ponds. Petersen population estimates (2004) are available for five of them. They are, in order of decreasing size; 11,325 fish (Mangrove Lake), 7,926 fish (Trott’s Pond), 5,394 fish (Blue Hole Bird Pond), 2,202 fish (West Walsingham Ponds), and 436 fish (Warwick Pond) (Ref. 59051). Local populations could include more undescribed Fundulus species (Ref. 35505).

In addition to six naturally occurring Fundulus bermudae populations in Bermuda, there is one other population living in a man-made pond, (created by dredging), where F. bermudae was intentionally introduced in the 1990s as a precaution against a possible extinction event. Additional translocations to other suitable ponds are planned in the near future. Also Ref. 27139.