Thailand country information

Common names: Lai, Pla lai, ปลาไหล
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: commercial | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Known from Mekong, Chao Phraya, Maeklong, Salween, Peninsular and Southeast Thailand river systems (Ref. 26336). Occurs in Chiengmai (Chiang Mai), Menam Chao Phya (Chao Phraya) at Bangkok; Phatalung (Phatthalung) River; and Koh Pa-ngan (Ref. 1632); also from Tale Sap Phatthalung, Peninsular Thailand, Mekong river (Chiang Rai), Nakhon Sawan, Chanthaburi, Mae Hong Son and Kanchanaburi (Ref. 37773). Also Ref. 9648, 27732, 37773, 57235.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/th.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Vidthayanon, C., J. Karnasuta and J. Nabhitabhata, 1997
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Угорь рисовый (=флюта белая), 黄鳝, Rice swampeel, ... more

Classification / Names Nomi Comuni | Sinonimi | Catalog of Fishes(Genere, Specie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Synbranchiformes (Spiny eels) > Synbranchidae (Swamp-eels)
Etymology: Monopterus: Greek, monos = one, unique + Greek, pteron = fin (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

; acqua dolce; salmastro demersale; potamodromo (Ref. 51243); distribuzione batimetrica 3 - ? m (Ref. 2686). Tropical; 25°C - 28°C (Ref. 2060); 34°N - 6°S

Distribuzione Stati | Aree FAO | Ecosystems | Presenze | Point map | Introduzioni | Faunafri

Asia: India to China, Japan, Malaysia and Indonesia. Probably occurring in Bangladesh.

Size / Peso / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm SL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 2686); common length : 40.0 cm SL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 44894)

Short description Morfologia | Morfometria

Anguilliform body; no scales; no pectoral and pelvic fins; dorsal, caudal and anal fins confluent and reduced to a skin fold; gill openings merged into single slit underneath the head (Ref. 27732). Rice paddy eels are red to brown with a sprinkling of dark flecks across their backs; large mouths and small eyes (Ref. 44091).

Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Found in hill streams to lowland wetlands (Ref. 57235) often occurring in ephemeral waters (Ref. 44894). Adults are found in medium to large rivers, flooded fields and stagnant waters including sluggish flowing canals (Ref. 12975, 12693), in streamlets and estuaries (Ref. 41236). Benthic (Ref. 58302), burrowing in moist earth in dry season surviving for long periods without water (Ref 2686). Occasionally dug out in old taro fields, in Hawaii, long after the field has been drained; more frequently observed in stream clearing operations using heavy equipment to remove large amounts of silt and vegetation where the eels are hidden (Ref. 44091). Nocturnal predators devouring fishes, worms, crustaceans, and other small aquatic animals (Ref. 44091); also feed on detritus. Are protandrous hermaphrodites. The male guards and builds nest or burrow (Ref. 205). Marketed fresh and can be kept alive for long periods of time as long as the skin is kept moist (Ref. 12693). Good flesh (Ref. 2686). Important fisheries throughout Southeast Asia (Ref. 57235).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecundity | Larve

Male builds a large free-floating bubblenest among the submerged vegetation close to the shoreline; eggs are spat into the nest after being laid; male guards the nest and continues to guard the young after hatching till they are on their own (Ref. 44091). Spawning occurs in shallow water (Ref. 2060). Sex reversal is completed in 8-30 weeks (Ref. 34260).

Main reference Upload your references | Bibliografia | Coordinatore : Fávorito, Sandra | Collaboratori

Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, i-xxii + 543-1158, 1 pl. (Ref. 4833)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 November 2020

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Pesca: commerciale; Acquacoltura: commerciale; Acquario: Commerciale

FAO(Acquacoltura: production; pesca: production; publication : search) | FishSource |

Informazioni ulteriori

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Dieta
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Fonti Internet

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00059 (0.00036 - 0.00095), b=3.06 (2.91 - 3.21), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 2.9 ±0.28 se; based on food items.

Resilienza (Ref. 120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (Fec = 1,000).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (65 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Monopterus albus (Zuiew, 1793)