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Spicara australe (Regan, 1921)

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South Africa country information

Common names: Picarel, Pikarel
Occurrence: endemic
Salinity: marine
Abundance: scarce (very unlikely) | Ref: Heemstra, P.C., 1986
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Known only from off Natal in 200-400 m (Ref. 6640) and off the Kei Peninsula in 80-150 m.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sf.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Heemstra, P.C., 1995
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names आम नाम | उपशब्द | Catalog of Fishes(वर्ग, प्रजाति) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Spicara: Latin, spicare = furnished with spike (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Regan.

Issue
Placement in Sparidae from Centracanthidae from Santini et al. (2014:Ref. 95347). Suggestion already made in Garrido-Ramos et al. 1995; Hanel & Sturmbauer 2000; Summerer et al. 2001; Orrell et al. 2002; Orrell & Carpenter 2004; Chiba et al. 2009; Hanel & Tsigenopoulos 2011.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range पारिस्थितिकी

समुद्री; गहराई सीमा 80 - 400 m (Ref. 6640).   Subtropical

वितरण देश | ऐफ ऐ ओ क्षेत्र | Ecosystems | संयोग | Point map | भूमिका | Faunafri

Southeast Atlantic and Western Indian Ocean: known only from South Africa.

आकार / वज़न / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 6640)

Short description आकृति विज्ञान | मौरफोमैटरिक्स

पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण): 12; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण): 9-10; गुदा कांटा 3; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 7 - 8

जीवविज्ञान     शब्द संग्रह (उदाहरणार्थ epibenthic)

Life cycle and mating behavior परिपक्व अवधि | पुनरुत्पत्ति | मछलीऔ का अंडे देना | अंडे | Fecundity | लार्वा

Main reference Upload your references | संदर्भ | संयोजक | सहयोगीयो

Heemstra, P.C., 1986. Centracanthidae. p. 594-595. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 6640)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 22 November 2009

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

अधिक जानकारी

देश
ऐफ ऐ ओ क्षेत्र
Ecosystems
संयोग
भूमिका
Stocks
पारिस्थितिकी
आहार
खाद्य पदार्थ
आहार खपत
खोराक
आम नाम
उपशब्द
चपायचय
परभक्षी
ईकोटोकसीकोलौजी
पुनरुत्पत्ति
परिपक्व अवधि
मछलीऔ का अंडे देना
Fecundity
अंडे
Egg development
Age/Size
बाढ़
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
मौरफोमैटरिक्स
आकृति विज्ञान
लार्वा
लारवल गतिकी
भर्ती
बहुतायत
संदर्भ
जलीयकृषि
जलीयकृषि रूपरेखा
खींच
आनुवंशिकी
Electrophoreses
हैरेटिबिलटी
बीमारी
प्रक्रमण
Mass conversion
सहयोगीयो
तस्वीरे
Stamps, Coins Misc.
ध्वनि
सिगुयटिरा
रफ्तार
तैरने के प्रकार
गिल क्षेत्र
Otoliths
दिमाग
दृष्टि

साधन

Special reports

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इंटरनेट स्रोत

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 13.7 - 17.9, mean 15.8 (based on 13 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5039   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00609 - 0.02604), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.5   ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
लौटाव (Ref. 120179):  माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (20 of 100).