Main Ref. | Westneat, M.W., 2001 |
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Remarks | Inhabits lagoon and seaward reefs, usually on rubble and sand bottoms at depths greater than 20 m. Solitary. Feeds mainly on hard-shelled prey including crustaceans, molluscs and sea urchins. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Westneat, M.W., 2001 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Westneat, M.W., 2001 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 4.27 | 3.37 | 0.39 | Troph of adults from 1 study. | |
From individual food items | 3.37 | 0.40 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Kulbicki, M., Y.-M. Bozec, P. Labrosse, Y. Letourneur, G. Mou-Tham and L. Wantiez, 2005 |