ການອ້າງອີງຫຼັກ | Tiews, K., I.A. Ronquillo and P. Caces-Borja, 1971 |
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ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ | Occurs in the continental shelf (Ref. 7300). Small fishes feed mostly on planktonic crustaceans while bigger ones are piscivorous (Ref. 5446). Schooling species. Feeds on small invertebrates (Ref. 127989). Inhabits coastal waters. Pelagic shoaling species that associates with schooling species. Filter feeder. Feeds on small zooplankton such as copepods (Ref. 9773). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Pelagic; |
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Substrate Ref. | Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z.S., 1995 |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. |
ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ | |
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Associations | schooling; shoaling; |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
ປະເພດການໃຫ້ອາຫານ | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Sreenivasan, P.V., 1979 |
ນິໄສການກິນອາຫານ | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. | Sreenivasan, P.V., 1979 |
Estimation method | ຕົວຢ່າງຕົ້ນສະບັບ | ປະຊາກອນທີ່ບໍ່ແມ່ນປາ | ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
ຈາກອົງປະກອບຂອງອາຫານ | 3.68 | 0.37 | 3.58 | 0.49 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
ຈາກລາຍການອາຫານແຕ່ລະອັນ | 3.52 | 0.49 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ | Tiews, K., I.A. Ronquillo and P. Caces-Borja, 1971 |