| Main Ref. | Fischer, W., I. Sousa, C. Silva, A. de Freitas, J.M. Poutiers, W. Schneider, T.C. Borges, J.P. Feral and A. Massinga, 1990 |
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| Anmärkningar | Migratory schooling species (Refs. 75154, 127989). Feeds mainly on zooplanktonic copepods and sustained by phytoplankton. Pelagic inshore (Ref. 127989). Occurs in inshore waters of the continental shelf. Infested by the isopod Nerocila phaiopleura (Ref. 124798). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Pelagic; |
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| Substrate Ref. | Golani, D., E. Azurro, J. Dulčić, E. Massutí and L. Orsi-Relini, 2021 |
| Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; |
| Special habitats Ref. | Gell, F.R. and M.W. Whittington, 2002 |
| Ref. | |
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| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Typ av föda | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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| Feeding type Ref. | Fischer, W., I. Sousa, C. Silva, A. de Freitas, J.M. Poutiers, W. Schneider, T.C. Borges, J.P. Feral and A. Massinga, 1990 |
| Födosöksstrategi | selective plankton feeding |
| Feeding habit Ref. |
| Estimation method | Ursprungligt prov | Ofiskad population | Kommentar | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Från födosammansättning | |||||
| Från individuella födoämnen | 2.85 | 0.30 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||