主要参考文献 | Bardach, J.E., 1959 |
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附注 | Cleaned by Elacatinus figaro observed off the coast of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil (Ref. 40102). Also cleaned by Pomacanthus paru observed at the reefs of the Abrolhos Archipelago, off eastern Brazil (Ref. 40094). Micro/macroinvertivore (Ref. 33499). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | : rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. |
参考文献 | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
摄取食物的类型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
摄取食物的习惯 | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | 最初的样本 | 不捕获族群 | 附注 | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
从食物内容 | 3.52 | 0.14 | 3.23 | 0.39 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
从个别的食物项目 | 3.71 | 0.30 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
参考文献 | Randall, J.E., 1967 |