Ecology Summary - Clupea pallasii

ພາສາ:

ນິເວດວິທະຍາຂອງ Clupea pallasii

ການອ້າງອີງຫຼັກ	Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985
ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ	Migrating inshore to breed, but without any strong north-south migrations, the populations being localized. Apparently landlocked populations (races) exist in the lakes of South Sakhalin, eastern Hokkaido and eastern Honshu. Salinity resistance (min. 1.5%) is maximal in newly hatched larvae and fry, and minimal in larvae of 20-30 days old (Ref. 6507). Pelagic and neritic. Schooling species. Moves vertically at the water column, surfacing in the evening and descending at dawn. Found in nearshore areas; in harbors, inlets, bays and brackish estuaries when spawning; and may enter fresh water. Biological anti-freeze enables tolerance to below zero temperatures up to -1.4°C. Feeds on crustaceans, benthic infauna, foraminiferans, plant materials, and fishes (Ref. 117245).

ການອ້າງອີງຫຼັກ

Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985

ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ

Migrating inshore to breed, but without any strong north-south migrations, the populations being localized. Apparently landlocked populations (races) exist in the lakes of South Sakhalin, eastern Hokkaido and eastern Honshu. Salinity resistance (min. 1.5%) is maximal in newly hatched larvae and fry, and minimal in larvae of 20-30 days old (Ref. 6507). Pelagic and neritic. Schooling species. Moves vertically at the water column, surfacing in the evening and descending at dawn. Found in nearshore areas; in harbors, inlets, bays and brackish estuaries when spawning; and may enter fresh water. Biological anti-freeze enables tolerance to below zero temperatures up to -1.4°C. Feeds on crustaceans, benthic infauna, foraminiferans, plant materials, and fishes (Ref. 117245).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	ເຂດຊາຍຝັ່ງທະເລ/ທະເລເທິງເກາະຫີນປະກາລັງ/ທະເລນ້ຳກ່ອຍ mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds ຖ້ຳ ຢ່າງເລືອກເຟັ້ນ

Highighted items on the list are where Clupea pallasii may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Pelagic;
Substrate Ref.	Coad, B.W. and J.D. Reist, 2018
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ	Coad, B.W. and J.D. Reist, 2018
Associations	schooling;
Associated with	Lethenteron camtschaticum.
Association remarks	Lethenteron camtschaticum found attached to this species.
Parasitism

ໃຫ້ອາຫານ

ປະເພດການໃຫ້ອາຫານ	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985
ນິໄສການກິນອາຫານ	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	ຕົວຢ່າງຕົ້ນສະບັບ		ປະຊາກອນທີ່ບໍ່ແມ່ນປາ		ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ
ຈາກອົງປະກອບຂອງອາຫານ	3.16	0.19			Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies.
ຈາກລາຍການອາຫານແຕ່ລະອັນ	3.46	0.53			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ	Brodeur, R.D. and P.A. Livingston, 1988

ກັບຄືນໄປບ່ອນຄົ້ນຫາ

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