主要参考文献 | Ebert, D.A., L.J.V. Compagno and P.D. Cowley, 1992 |
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附注 | Found almost exclusively on the lower slope of the Catalan Sea, western Mediterranean (Ref. 40720). Found on continental slopes and abyssal plains (Refs. 6871, 117245); usually in water temperature of 5-13°C (Refs. 5951, 117245). Feeds mainly on fishes (including sharks) and cephalopods (Ref. 6871), also gastropods and cetacean meat (Ref. 5578). Demersal. Active predator. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 117245). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: demersal; |
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Substrate Ref. | Coad, B.W. and J.D. Reist, 2018 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
参考文献 | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
摄取食物的类型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Ebert, D.A., L.J.V. Compagno and P.D. Cowley, 1992 |
摄取食物的习惯 | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Ebert, D.A., L.J.V. Compagno and P.D. Cowley, 1992 |
Estimation method | 最初的样本 | 不捕获族群 | 附注 | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
从食物内容 | 4.48 | 0.13 | 4.48 | 0.46 | Troph of juv./adults from 4 studies. |
从个别的食物项目 | 4.26 | 0.52 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
参考文献 | Carrassón, M., C. Stefanescu and J.E. Cartes, 1992 |