Main Ref. | van der Elst, R.P. and F. Adkin (eds.), 1991 |
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Remarks | A carnivore (Ref. 9137). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | : sand;: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Compagno, L.J.V., 2001 |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. |
संदर्भ | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Cortés, E., 1999 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | टिप्पणी | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 4.50 | 0.42 | 4.28 | 0.68 | Troph of adults from 2 studies. |
From individual food items | 4.44 | 0.82 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
संदर्भ | Bowman, R.E., C.E. Stillwell, W.L. Michaels and M.D. Grosslein, 2000 |