Pardachirus marmoratus, Finless sole : fisheries

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Pardachirus marmoratus (Lacepède, 1802)

Finless sole
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Pardachirus marmoratus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Pardachirus marmoratus
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分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Soleidae (Soles)
Etymology: Pardachirus: Greek, pardias, -ou = a fish similar to grey mullet + Greek, cheir = hand (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lacepède.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 1 - 15 m (Ref. 3200). 熱帶

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea and Persian Gulf to Durban, South Africa and Sri Lanka (Ref. 30573).
西印度洋: 紅海與波斯灣到南非的德爾班與斯里蘭卡.(參考文獻 30573)

大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 26.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 11441); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3505)

简单描述 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数): 0; 背的软条 (总数): 63-74; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 48 - 55; 脊椎骨: 37 - 39

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Occurs in shallow coastal waters, on sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 30573). Feeds mainly on bottom living invertebrates. Marketed fresh. Produces a bitter toxic substance from the bases of the dorsal and anal fin rays that deters predation, even by sharks (Ref. 9710) and thus may prove valuable as a shark repellent (Ref. 4537).

在沙与泥底部上, 出现于沿岸浅水区。 (参考文献 30573) 主要吃底部活的无脊椎动物。 在市场上销售生鲜地了。 产生一个制止掠食的背鳍与臀鳍鳍条的非常有毒物质从基底, 甚至藉着鲨鱼 (参考文献 9710) 而且如此可能证明有价值的作为一个鲨鱼驱除剂.(参考文献 4537)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

西印度洋: 紅海與波斯灣到南非的德爾班與斯里蘭卡.(參考文獻 30573)

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者

Heemstra, P.C. and O. Gon, 1986. Soleidae. p. 868-874. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3200)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  最不相关 (LC) ; Date assessed: 13 August 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

另外地 (Ref. 4537)





人类利用

渔业: 商业性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 25 - 29.3, mean 28 °C (based on 1176 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5156   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00473 - 0.02021), b=3.07 (2.90 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  3.5   ±0.37 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (16 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 70 [25, 246] mg/100g; Iron = 0.567 [0.225, 1.147] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.6, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.0627 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 23.4 [11.6, 52.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 70.4 [18.7, 272.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.14 [0.69, 1.72] mg/100g (wet weight);