Hipposcarus harid, Candelamoa parrotfish : fisheries, aquarium

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Hipposcarus harid (Fabricius, 1775)

Candelamoa parrotfish
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Hipposcarus harid   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) 鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Scaridae (Parrotfishes) 鸚哥魚科 (Parrotfishes) > Scarinae
Etymology: Hipposcarus: Greek, ippos = horse + Latin, scarus = a fish cited by ancient writers; 1601 (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋 礁区鱼类; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 1 - 25 m (Ref. 9710). 熱帶

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea south to Mozambique Channel, including Madagascar and Seychelles and east to Sri Lanka, Maldives and the Chagos Archipelago. Occurrence in Java, Indonesia as reported by Ref. 9710 needs verification.
西印度洋: 紅海南至莫三比克海峽,包括馬達加斯加與塞錫爾群島而且東至斯里蘭卡,馬爾地夫與查戈斯群島。 在如參考文獻 9710個需要確認所報告的印尼爪哇的發生。

大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 75.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5490); common length : 35.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5450); 最大体重: 2.3 kg (Ref. 3488)

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Inhabits coastal regions associated with coral reefs and reef flats. Forms groups consisting of a terminal phased individual and numerous individuals in the initial phase (Ref. 9710). Feeds on benthic algae (Ref. 30573). Caught with nets and other artisanal gear. Mainly sold fresh.

栖息于被伴随着珊瑚礁与礁石平台的沿海区域。 聚集族群在最初的阶段内包含一个最后阶段个体与很多的个体。 (参考文献 9710) 吃水底的藻类。 (参考文献 30573) 用网与其他的渔民专业网具捕获了。 主要地卖了生鲜地。

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).西印度洋: 紅海南至莫三比克海峽,包括馬達加斯加與塞錫爾群島而且東至斯里蘭卡,馬爾地夫與查戈斯群島。 在如參考文獻 9710個需要確認所報告的印尼爪哇的發生。

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : Westneat, Mark | 合作者

Bruce, R.W. and J.E. Randall, 1984. Scaridae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. (Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51). volume 3. [var. pag.] FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3488)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  最不相关 (LC) ; Date assessed: 16 September 2009

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的





人类利用

渔业: 商业性; 水族馆: 商业性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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网络资源

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: , | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因组, 核苷酸 | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia: 转至, 搜寻 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 动物学的记录

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 25.2 - 29.3, mean 28.5 °C (based on 3110 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.7500   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.00842 - 0.02064), b=2.98 (2.85 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  2.0   ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 6.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   High.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 29.6 [16.3, 55.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.544 [0.295, 0.951] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.5, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.0857 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 35.3 [18.5, 67.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 46.6 [12.8, 155.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.49 [1.03, 2.34] mg/100g (wet weight);