Etmopterus spinax, Velvet belly : fisheries

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Etmopterus spinax (Linnaeus, 1758)

Velvet belly
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Etmopterus spinax   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Etmopterus spinax
Picture by Salesjö, A.

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii 板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) > Squaliformes (Sleeper and dogfish sharks) > Etmopteridae (Lantern sharks)
Etymology: Etmopterus: Greek, ethmos, -ou = sieve or ethmoides bone + Greek, pteron = wing, fin (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋 深海底的; 深度上下限 70 - 2490 m (Ref. 106604), usually 200 - 500 m (Ref. 128537). 深水域; 73°N - 38°S, 40°W - 36°E

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Iceland, Norway, and the western Mediterranean to Morocco, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Côte d'Ivoire to Nigeria, Cameroon to Gabon, Azores, Cape Verde, and Cape Province, South Africa (Ref. 247).
東大西洋: 冰島,挪威與地中海西部到摩洛哥,塞內加爾,獅子山,象牙海岸到奈及利亞,喀麥隆到加彭,亞速群島,維德角與南非的開普省。

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm 34.5, range 33 - 36 cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 247); common length : 45.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 247); 最大体重: 850.00 g (Ref. 40637)

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Found on the outer continental shelves and upper slopes. Feeds on small fishes, squids, and crustaceans. Ovoviviparous, with number of young from 6 to 20 in a litter. Utilized for fishmeal and prepared dried salted for human consumption. Depth range reported at 70m-2000m in Ref. 35388.

栖息于大陆棚外缘与上层斜坡了。 吃小鱼,乌贼与甲壳动物。 卵胎生的, 藉由来自 6个到 20 的幼鱼数目一胎。 用来做鱼粉而且准备了干燥盐腌供人类消费。 深度范围参考文献 35388 在 70 公尺-2000 报告公尺。

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).東大西洋: 冰島,挪威與地中海西部到摩洛哥,塞內加爾,獅子山,象牙海岸到奈及利亞,喀麥隆到加彭,亞速群島,維德角與南非的開普省。

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者

Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  次级保育类动物, 见 IUCN 红皮书 (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 31 August 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的





人类利用

渔业: 低经济
FAO - 渔业: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | 周边海洋

更多信息

俗名
同种异名
新陈代谢
捕食者
生态毒物学
繁殖
成熟度
产卵场
产卵群集
孕卵数

卵的发育
年龄范围
成长
体长-体重
体长-体长
体长-频率
形态测量图
型态特徵
仔鱼
稚鱼动力学
入添量
丰度
BRUVS
参考文献
养殖
养殖信息
品种
遗传学
Electrophoreses
遗传率
疾病
加工
Nutrients
Mass conversion
合作者
照片
Stamps, Coins Misc.
声音
神经毒
速度
泳型
鳃区
Otoliths
脑重体重比
眼睛色素

工具

特别资料

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网络资源

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: , | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - 渔业: landings; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因组, 核苷酸 | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | 国家资料库 | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia: 转至, 搜寻 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 动物学的记录

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 5.8 - 14.2, mean 9.2 °C (based on 392 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00339 (0.00284 - 0.00404), b=3.06 (3.01 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  4.1   ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 6.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (Fec=6).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (63 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Low vulnerability (13 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 9.76 [1.96, 51.89] mg/100g; Iron = 0.36 [0.08, 1.19] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [16.7, 21.6] %; Omega3 = 0.351 [0.129, 1.142] g/100g; Selenium = 16 [5, 48] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.4 [3.4, 70.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.312 [0.149, 0.618] mg/100g (wet weight);