分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的; 非遷移的. 亞熱帶的; 18°C - 28°C (Ref. 2060); 32°S - 36°S
Oceania: Murray-Darling basin, New South Wales, Australia - Mitta Mitta River, upper Murray River (Tintaldra, Mulwala area-Ref. 2906), MurrumbidgeeRiver, Cataract Dam (NepeanRiver), also in the Macquarie River (Ref. 2906). Stocked population in Seven Creeks River and Glenbawm Dam (HunterRiver) (Ref. 2906); also in Lake Sambell (Ref. 6071).
大洋洲: Murray-Darling 流域，澳洲新南威爾斯 - Mitta 的 Mitta 河，默里河 (Tintaldra, Mulwala 區域-參考文獻 2906) ， MurrumbidgeeRiver 上游 , 大瀑布水壩 (NepeanRiver), 也在 Macquarie 河中.(參考文獻 2906) 在七條小溪河與 Glenbawm 水壩 (HunterRiver) 中進貨了族群;(參考文獻 2906) 也在湖 Sambell 中.(參考文獻 6071)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 85.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 44894); common length : 50.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5259); 最大體重: 16.0 kg (Ref. 26161)
Occur from riffle and boulder areas in relatively small upland streams to larger deeper rivers with sand and clay substrates and submerged timber and snags (Ref. 26161, 44894). Found in still and fast-flowing waters (14°-28°C), usually over bedrock, boulder and gravel bottoms of streams. Large fish confined to deep holes between falls and rapids, while small ones are found among boulders. Feed on insects, crayfish, shrimp, and small fishes; cannibalism occurs. Spawn in spring and early summer. The large, adhesive eggs are laid on hard surfaces. Hatching occurs in 5-10 days at 20°C. Sexual maturity is attained at 3-5 years of age (Ref. 44894). Territorial juveniles. Infected by parasitic protozoan Chilodonella cyprini; susceptible to `ich' & Saprolegnia infections. Protected by law and its capture is strictly prohibited. Known to hybridize with closely related Murray (Ref. 44894).
在相當小的高地溪流到中生存於急流與大圓石區域較大的較深的河底部為沙子與泥土與水下的木材與斷枝。 (參考文獻 26161) 發現於靜止與快速流動的水域 (14個 °-28 °C)了, 通常在溪流的岩床，大圓石與礫石底部上面。 大的魚侷限於在瀑布與急流之間的深潭了而較小的在大圓石之中被發現。 吃昆蟲，小龍蝦，蝦與小魚; 嗜食同類出現。 產卵在春天與初夏。 具有領域性稚魚。 感染了寄生的原生動物 Chilodonella cyprini; 易受ich'& Saprolegnia 傳染。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
The demersal and adhesive eggs (2.5-3.6 mm in diameter) are laid onto a hard surface. Hatching starts 5 days after fertilization and continues for up to 10 days at around 20°C.大洋洲: Murray-Darling 流域，澳洲新南威爾斯 - Mitta 的 Mitta 河，默里河 (Tintaldra, Mulwala 區域-參考文獻 2906) ， MurrumbidgeeRiver 上游 , 大瀑布水壩 (NepeanRiver), 也在 Macquarie 河中.(參考文獻 2906) 在七條小溪河與 Glenbawm 水壩 (HunterRiver) 中進貨了族群;(參考文獻 2906) 也在湖 Sambell 中.(參考文獻 6071)
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
人類使用
漁業: 潛在的興趣; 養殖: 實驗的; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 商業性
更多資訊
參考文獻養殖養殖資訊品種遺傳學Electrophoreses遺傳率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00408 - 0.02815), b=3.01 (2.79 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.60 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (62 of 100).
