分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Siluriformes (Catfishes)
鯰形目 (Catfishes) >
Bagridae (Bagrid catfishes)
鱨科 (Bagrid catfishes)
Etymology: Bagrus: Mozarabic, bagre, taken from Greek, pagros = a fish (Dentex sp.) (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 ? - 60 m (Ref. 43507). 熱帶; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 12468)
Africa: Nile River, Lake Chad, Niger and Senegal rivers, lakes Mobutu [=Lake Albert] and Turkana (Ref. 3236). Reported from Sanaga River basin (Ref. 27691).
非洲: 尼羅河，查德湖，尼日與塞內加爾河，湖 Mobutu(湖艾伯特湖) 與 Turkana。 記錄來自沙那加河流域了。 (參考文獻 27691)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 37.4, range 29 - 34 cm
Max length : 112 cm FL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 43434); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 13851); 最大體重: 12.5 kg (Ref. 43434); 最大年齡: 8 年 (Ref. 51644)
背棘 (總數): 1; 背的軟條 (總數): 8-12; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 13 - 15; 脊椎骨: 48 - 53. Diagnosis: head much depressed, often ridged (Ref. 4903), roundly pointed when viewed from above (Ref. 28714). Head width 1.6-2.2 times in head length (Ref. 28714, 57125) or 47.5-63% HL (Ref. 81641). Body rather elongate, 5-6 times longer than deep (Ref. 7324, 57125). Premaxillary tooth plate 6-7 times as long as broad, a little shorter than the vomerine tooth plate (Ref. 43434). Occipital process 4-6 times longer than broad (Ref. 57125). 9-11 branched dorsal-fin rays (Ref. 57125), the first prolonged into short filaments (Ref. 13851, 31256, 57125). Longest filament comprised 3-4 times in standard length (Ref. 7324, 57125). Predorsal length 2.4-2.6 times in standard length (Ref. 57125). Adipose fin long, its origin well in front of the anal fin (Ref. 28714), narrowly separated from dorsal fin (Ref. 43434). Width of premaxillary tooth plate 2.5-2.8 times in head length (Ref. 57125). Lobes of caudal fin often with short filaments (Ref. 7324, 13851, 57125). Upper caudal-fin lobe comprised 2-3 times in standard length (Ref. 57125).
身體約略延長了,5-6 長度與高度比率.(參考文獻 7324) 頭部多扁平的, 平滑的上方 (參考文獻 43434), 但是時常脊了 (參考文獻 4903), 與圓圓尖當從上方看了.(參考文獻 28714) 側線上的眼睛有分離的眼窩邊緣.(參考文獻 367, 參考文獻 11410) 在後部與前鼻孔從彼此是遙遠的, 後面的被具有一個觸鬚.(參考文獻 11410) 上頜骨前的齒碟 6-7 倍於寬度, 稍微短於犛骨齒碟.(參考文獻 43434) 鼻骨觸鬚 0.3-0.6 倍於頭長。 (參考文獻 367) 上頜骨觸鬚達到腹面或臀鰭。 (參考文獻 43434) 外部的顎觸鬚 0.7-1.1 倍於頭長; 內在的顎觸鬚 1.7-2.1 倍於頭長.(參考文獻 367) 後頭骨活動接觸在一起與第一個背側間的.(參考文獻 42499, 參考文獻 2756) 具有第一個分支條的背鰭有平滑的棘 (參考文獻 367) 延長到短的絲狀突起內了。 (參考文獻 31256, 參考文獻 13851) 標準長度的最長絲狀突起 1/3-1/4 的長度.(參考文獻 7324) 持續背鰭的鰭條腹鰭的後面內部鰭條。 (參考文獻 4912) 倍它的基底 (參考文獻 3036) 與它的長度的長的脂鰭高度 2.5 兩倍長於有鰭條的背鰭, 狹窄地分開一個來自另外的。 (參考文獻 43434) 尾鰭的葉時常有短的絲狀突起。 (參考文獻 7324, 參考文獻 13851) 胸棘長達背棘而且與鋸齒在那在.之內 (參考文獻 2756, 參考文獻 367) 沒有胸的絲狀突起.(參考文獻 3036, 參考文獻 2756) 腹鰭在背鰭的第 5 或第 6個分枝鰭條下面插入。 (參考文獻 3036, 參考文獻 13851) 側線系統由一條管狀海拔的直線，尾鰭的從 scapulare 到中央組成。 (參考文獻 562)
體色 生活標本黃色-呈綠色或黑色的有白色的腹面.(參考文獻 7324, 參考文獻 13851) 鰭比較深色的, 有時淡紅的紫色; 側邊上稚魚有小黑色的斑點。 (參考文獻 7324)
Found in lakes, swamps and rivers (Ref. 31256). Avoids salt water (Ref. 31439). Spends nearly the whole of the daylight hours in crevices of rocks and is therefor seldom seen (Ref. 51850). Lives and feeds on or near the bottom (Ref. 3034). Adults exclusively piscivorous (Ref. 31256). Preys on small fish, particularly Alestes spp. (Ref. 13851), or Chrysichthys auratus as in Lake Kainji (Ref. 3034), but also feeds on insects, crustaceans and molluscs (some debris and vegetable matter may also be ingested) (Ref. 28714). Efficiency of catching prey catfish is maximised by face to face attack, avoiding damage by dorsal and pectoral spines of the prey (Ref. 33614). There is some indication that the species comes to shallower water to breed (Ref. 43507). Spawning season extends from April to July (Ref. 51850). Parents build and guard the nest, which is like a flat disc with a central hole where the eggs are dropped; size of the nest and the central hole depend on the fish size (Ref. 51638). Males become up to 7 years old, females 8 years (Ref. 51644). Mean sizes and weight of males are less than those of females from the same age (Ref. 51644, 51645). An important food fish. Flesh is good eating and of economic importance (Ref. 36900), commonly sold as food (Ref. 43521). Reputed to reach 100,000 g.
發現於湖，沼澤與河了。 (參考文獻 31256) 避開鹹水。 (參考文獻 31439) 幾乎度過岩石的裂隙的白天的全部並且是因之少見的.(參考文獻 51850) 生命並且吃或在底部的附近.(參考文獻 3034) 成魚專門以魚為食.(參考文獻 31256) 捕食小魚, 特別地 Alestes spp。 (參考文獻 13851), 或 Chrysichthys auratus 當在 Kainji湖中;(參考文獻 3034) 也吃昆蟲，甲殼動物，軟體動物，植物。 (參考文獻 28714) 捕捉獵物鯰魚的效率被面對面攻擊最大值, 避開損害被背部的與獵物的胸棘.(參考文獻 33614) 此魚種來到較淺的水域繁殖的有一些指證.(參考文獻 43507) 產卵季節延伸從四月到七月。 (參考文獻 51850) 親魚建立並且保衛巢, 是類似一平坦的體盤有一個中央的洞卵被降低哪裡。 (參考文獻 51638) 巢的大小與中央的洞仰賴魚大小。 (參考文獻 51638) 雄性變成達到 7 歲,8 年的雌性.(參考文獻 51644) 平均的大小與雄性的重量是少於雌性從的相同年齡。 (參考文獻 51644, 參考文獻 51645) 一個重要的食用魚。 肉是好的吃與經濟重要性 (參考文獻 36900), 通常賣作了食物.(參考文獻 43521) 相傳達到 100,000 g 。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Reproduction takes place during high water (Ref. 2756). There is some indication that the species comes to shallower water to breed (Ref. 43507). From 4 breeding fish taken, 3 were from inshore waters and 1 from 40m depth in the open water (Ref. 49805). The nest is a relatively large depression with the shape of a flat dish and proportions relative to the size of the fish (Ref. 51638). A single well formed hole of about 10-15cm in diameter and 10-15cm depth is present nearly in the middle (Ref. 51638). Eggs are laid inside this hole (Ref. 51638). Eggs are white, having a diameter of little more than 1 millimeter (Ref. 45962). Larvae stay in the hole a couple of days after hatching (Ref. 51638). They swim above the nest when disturbed and return to hole after disturbance has stopped (Ref. 51638). 非洲: 尼羅河，查德湖，尼日與塞內加爾河，湖 Mobutu(湖艾伯特湖) 與 Turkana。 記錄來自沙那加河流域了。 (參考文獻 27691)
Risch, L.M., 1986. Bagridae. p. 2-35. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3236)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00766 - 0.01191), b=3.00 (2.94 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 5.6 (4.0 - 13.6) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 10
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (tm=4-5; tmax=8; K=0.07-0.18; Fec=18,630-47,920).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 61.2 [28.1, 126.1] mg/100g; Iron = 1.58 [0.87, 2.84] mg/100g; Protein = 17.4 [16.1, 18.7] %; Omega3 = 0.412 [0.145, 1.122] g/100g; Selenium = 99.4 [38.0, 226.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 36.8 [10.7, 134.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.968 [0.617, 1.478] mg/100g (wet weight);
