Elasmobranchii
板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) >
Dasyatidae (Stingrays) > Urogymninae
Etymology: Urogymnus: Greek, oura = tail + Greek, gymnos = naked (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 15 - 217 m (Ref. 86942). 熱帶; 31°N - 31°S, 20°W - 177°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and coast of East Africa to the Marshall Islands and Fiji, south to northern Australia (Ref. 2334). Eastern Atlantic: Senegal, Guinea, and Côte d'Ivoire (Ref. 4438).
印度-太平洋: 紅海與東非海岸到馬紹爾群島與斐濟, 南至澳洲北部。 (參考文獻 2334) 東大西洋: 塞內加爾，幾內亞與象牙海岸.(參考文獻 4438)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 100 - ? cm
Max length : 147 cm WD 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 58048)
Diagnosis: A heavily armored stingray lacking a venomous barb; young with large, flat denticles on upper surface, and large juveniles and adults with additional sharp conical thorns and small, pointed denticles (Ref. 5578).
一个甲胄很厚的 没有毒刺; 幼鱼有在上表皮上的大又平坦的细齿，而且大的稚鱼与成鱼有额外的锐利锥形刺与小又尖的细齿。 (参考文献 5578) 非常厚的瘦长宽广地体盘有圆形的外角; 吻宽广地圆的与尾部细长的, 大约与身体一样长而且没有鳍褶.(参考文献 5578) 浅灰色或微白色的背面, 腹侧白色的; 尾部黑色的.(参考文献 5578)
Inhabits the continental shelf area (Ref. 2334), but capable of entering coastal lagoons (Ref. 81259). Found on sand and coral rubble areas near reefs (Ref. 9840), often in caves. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Due to its difficult handling, it is probably of limited commercial value (Ref. 9840). Its thorn can inflict a painful injury; caught commonly by demersal tangle net fisheries; utilized for its meat, skin (very high value) and cartilage (Ref.58048).
栖息于大陆架区域。 栖息于在礁 (参考文献 9840) 附近的沙子与珊瑚残砾区域了, 常见于洞穴中。 卵胎生的.(参考文献 50449) 由于它的困难处理, 它可能是商业价值有限.(参考文献 9840)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).印度-太平洋: 紅海與東非海岸到馬紹爾群島與斐濟, 南至澳洲北部。 (參考文獻 2334) 東大西洋: 塞內加爾，幾內亞與象牙海岸.(參考文獻 4438)
Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene, 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
更多信息
参考文献养殖养殖信息品种遗传学基因序列遗传率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.声音神经毒速度泳型鳃区Otoliths脑重体重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.4 - 29.3, mean 28.5 °C (based on 2874 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00364 - 0.01900), b=3.10 (2.89 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.46 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming fecundity<100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 5.12 [0.57, 77.92] mg/100g ; Iron = 0.354 [0.028, 3.818] mg/100g ; Protein = 21.4 [18.7, 24.1] % ; Omega3 = 0.0888 [, ] g/100g ; Selenium = 41.6 [7.4, 202.0] μg/100g ; VitaminA = 20.7 [1.8, 237.0] μg/100g ; Zinc = 0.791 [0.052, 9.041] mg/100g (wet weight);
