Psettodes erumei, Indian halibut : fisheries

You can sponsor this page

Psettodes erumei (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)

Indian halibut
把你的觀察加入 Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Psettodes erumei   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
上傳你的 相片 和 影像
Pictures | Videos | Stamps, Coins Misc. | Google 影像
Image of Psettodes erumei (Indian halibut)
Psettodes erumei
Picture by Devarapalli, P.

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) 鰈形目 (Flatfishes) > Psettodidae (Psettodids) 鰜科 (Psettodids)
Etymology: Psettodes: Greek, psetta = grouper + Greek, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 1 - 100 m (Ref. 9792), usually 20 - 50 m (Ref. 9792). 熱帶; 26°N - 21°S, 43°E - 156°E (Ref. 54739)

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Japan and Australia.
印度-西太平洋: 紅海而且東非到日本與澳洲。

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm 38.0, range 37 - 39 cm
Max length : 64.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 6006); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5450); 最大體重: 9.0 kg (Ref. 1468)

簡短描述 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

背棘 (總數): 9 - 11; 背的軟條 (總數): 38-45; 臀棘 1; 臀鰭軟條: 33 - 43; 脊椎骨: 23 - 25. Body oval and flat, but thicker than in most other flatfishes. Mouth large with strong teeth; maxillary extends well beyond hind edge of lower eye; both eyes on left or right side; upper eye lying immediately below dorsal edge; gill rakers not developed. Dorsal fin origin well posterior to eyes; anterior fin rays spinous; lateral line almost straight. Color usually brown or grey, sometimes with 4 broad, dark crossbars. Dorsal, anal and caudal fin tips black. Blind side occasionally partially colored. (Other sources of morphological data: Refs. 591, 529, 4416, 5997 and 6000).
卵形的軀幹而平坦的, 但是厚的超過在其他大部分的比目魚。 嘴巴大的,有強的齒; 上頜骨延伸越過眼睛下部的後緣; 兩眼在左邊或右邊; 眼睛上方緊鄰背緣正下方; 鰓耙不發展。 背鰭起點在眼後面; 前面的鰭條刺狀的; 幾乎筆直地的側線。 顏色通常褐色或灰色的, 有時有 4個寬又黑的交叉條紋。 背鰭、臀鰭與尾鰭頂端黑色。 沒有眼睛的一邊偶然部份彩色。 (形態學資料的其他來源: 參考文獻。 591,529,4416,5997 與 6000.)

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Found on sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 9796, 48637). Usually deeply burried in the substrate during the day, but out and hunting at night (Ref. 48637). Often swims in an upright position (Ref. 9796). Mainly piscivorous (Ref. 5986). Mainly sold fresh (Ref. 5213); also utilized smoked and frozen (Ref. 9987). Processed into fish flour (Ref. 6040).

棲息於沙與泥底部了。 (參考文獻 9796) 時常游泳以垂直的姿勢。 (參考文獻 9796) 主要以魚為食.(參考文獻 5986) 主要地賣了生鮮地;(參考文獻 5213) 也利用煙燻而且凍結。 (參考文獻 9987) 加工成魚粉了。 (參考文獻 6040)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | | 孕卵數 | 仔魚

Studies in Porto Novo, India (Refs. 5993 & 5997) show that the sex ratio significantly differ from 1:1, but the reports are ambiguous as to which sex predominates.印度-西太平洋: 紅海而且東非到日本與澳洲。

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 : Amaoka, Kunio | 合作者

Nielsen, J.G., 1984. Psettodidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 3. (Ref. 3485)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  資料不足 (DD) ; Date assessed: 15 August 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  無害處的





人類使用

漁業: 商業性
FAO - 漁業: landings, 魚種描繪; Publication: search | FishSource | 周邊海洋

更多資訊

俗名
同種異名
新陳代謝
捕食者
生態毒物學
繁殖
成熟度
產卵場
產卵群集
孕卵數

卵發育
參考文獻
養殖
養殖資訊
品種
遺傳學
Electrophoreses
遺傳率
疾病
加工
Nutrients
Mass conversion
合作者
照片
Stamps, Coins Misc.
聲音
神經毒
速度
泳型
鰓區
Otoliths
腦重體重比
眼睛色素

工具

特別的報告

下載 XML

網路資源

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 檢查 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: , | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - 漁業: landings, 魚種描繪; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因組, 核甘 | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | 國家資料庫 | OsteoBase: skull, spine | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | 樹狀分類階層 | Wikipedia: , 搜尋 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物學的記錄

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 26.6 - 29.1, mean 28.2 °C (based on 1198 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.7500   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00507 - 0.00901), b=3.14 (3.06 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  4.4   ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.26-0.5; tm=3-4; Fec=300,000).
Prior r = 0.74, 95% CL = 0.49 - 1.11, Based on 3 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100).
價格種類 (Ref. 80766):   High.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 122 [62, 249] mg/100g; Iron = 1.15 [0.54, 2.15] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.9, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.181 [0.080, 0.383] g/100g; Selenium = 68 [30, 151] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.1 [6.2, 65.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.728 [0.470, 1.071] mg/100g (wet weight);