分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Holocephali
全头亚纲 (银鲛科) (chimaeras) >
Chimaeriformes (Chimaeras) >
Rhinochimaeridae (Longnose chimaeras)
Etymology: Harriotta: [an]a- (L.), belonging to: per Goode & Bean (1896), in honor of Thomas Harriott (ca. 1560‒1621), English astronomer, mathematician, ethnographer and translator, who published the first English work on American natural history (1588). (See ETYFish); raleighana: In honor of Sir Walter Raleigh (ca. 1554‒1618), “philosopher and explorer, by whom the first English scientific expedition was sent to the New World” (Raleigh funded a 1585 expedition to Roanoke Island, North Carolina, with Thomas Harriott [honored in the (See ETYFish).
More on authors: Goode & Bean.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 深海底的; 深度上下限 200 - 3100 m (Ref. 117245), usually 500 - 2000 m (Ref. 97389). 深水域; 65°N - 49°S, 121°W - 179°E
Cosmopolitan,
東大西洋: 冰島，法羅群島, 沿著愛爾蘭到法國北部的 Rockall 溝槽; 加納利群島與外海的白鼻角, 茅利塔尼亞; 那米比亞與南非.(參考文獻 5578) 西大西洋: 加拿大的新斯科舍省到美國的切薩皮克海灣; 巴西南部。 北太平洋: 日本外與美國加州; 也 100 公里外海的下加利福尼亞南部。 南太平洋: 外海的紐西蘭與澳洲.(參考文獻 7300)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 75.8, range 66 - 84.3 cm
Max length : 120 cm OT 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 26346); 102.5 cm TL (female); 最大体重: 1.6 kg (Ref. 122636)
简单描述
型态特徵 | 形态测量图
This species is distinguished from H. chaetirhampha by the following characters: H. raleighana with eye small, its length 7% BDL (vs. 7-9% in H. chaetirhampha); interorbital space broad, 11-16% BDL (vs. 6-9%); snout tip smooth (vs. armed with small knob-like projections; only prominent in male); first dorsal fin low, length of dorsal spine anterior margin 16% BDL (vs. 19-24%); pectoral and pelvic fins broadly rounded (vs. bluntly
pointed); interdorsal space narrow, 4.5-8.4% BDL (vs. 24.8-26.8%); length of caudal dorsal margin (CDM) longer (vs. shorter) than caudal ventral margin, CDM 74-79% BDL (vs. 49-62%); length of caudal upper ray (CUR) longer (vs. shorter) than that of lower ray, CUR 10-11% BDL (vs. 4-5%); infraorbital canal strongly curved anterior to eye, forming S-shaped loop (vs. only gently curved); with distinct longer and thicker claspers, its outer length 25% BDL (vs. 16%) and its base width 3% BDL (vs. 1%); tip of the clasper excessively inflated so as to form a large, elongate and fleshy knob, covered with 16 (17 in right side) small, multifaceted, hemp-leaf shaped spines, most of which were serially arranged along its dorsomesial margin (vs. small bulb, with several simple spines sparsely distributed); a deep slit running longitudinally from dorsolateral base of rod to the ventromesial surface of the knob, running along the dorsal side of the clasper( vs. not prominent) (Ref. 123553).
一个长鼻的银鲛具有一个相当长的，狭窄的，和扁平的吻, 一个小的眼位于嘴巴, 一个相当长的第一背鳍与棘，多节的齿板与尾鳍上面或后面了矛尖形的在上缘上没有小瘤但是有一个长的末端丝状突起.(参考文献 5578,6871,41248) 深褐色或黑色的颜色.(参考文献 5578) 没有分开的臀鳍。 扣紧物是竿状的，相当细长，和不分枝的, 尖端略微膨胀。 喉部与食道出现分开的从眼窝的, 具有一个短的间隙; 结合眶下骨来自对于吻尖的在前面水平的眼的大约距离中的 2/7 的有角的 (上颌骨) 管.(参考文献 41248)
Found on the continental slope and ocean floor (Ref. 26346). Appears to feed mainly on shellfish and crustaceans (Ref. 6871). Maximum length 120 cm without tail filament (Ref. 26346). It is captured as by-catch in deep water trawl fisheries (Ref. 117245).
栖息于大陆斜坡与海底了。 (参考文献 26346) 似乎主要捕食贝与甲壳动物。 (参考文献 6871) 最大的长度 120个公分尾丝不计.(参考文献 26346)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous, young hatch at about 10-13 cm (Ref. 26346).東大西洋: 冰島，法羅群島, 沿著愛爾蘭到法國北部的 Rockall 溝槽; 加納利群島與外海的白鼻角, 茅利塔尼亞; 那米比亞與南非.(參考文獻 5578) 西大西洋: 加拿大的新斯科舍省到美國的切薩皮克海灣; 巴西南部。 北太平洋: 日本外與美國加州; 也 100 公里外海的下加利福尼亞南部。 南太平洋: 外海的紐西蘭與澳洲.(參考文獻 7300)
Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)
人类利用
渔业: 没有兴趣
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.3 - 9, mean 5.2 °C (based on 654 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7539 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00162 (0.00122 - 0.00216), b=3.15 (3.07 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.38 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming Fec <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (58 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 9.59 [2.75, 33.16] mg/100g; Iron = 0.372 [0.123, 0.947] mg/100g; Protein = 14.1 [9.7, 18.1] %; Omega3 = 0.294 [0.107, 0.810] g/100g; Selenium = 23.6 [7.1, 77.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.9 [1.2, 26.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.308 [0.158, 0.601] mg/100g (wet weight);
