Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
экология
морской батидемерсальный; пределы глубины 0 - 825 m (Ref. 6793), usually 165 - 293 m (Ref. 27437). Deep-water; 64°N - 24°N, 143°E - 110°W (Ref. 54884)
North Pacific: Honshu, Japan to Cape Navarin in the Bering Sea (but not in the Sea of Okhotsk) and La Jolla, California, and along the Aleutians from Stalemate Bank and Bowers Bank to the Alaska Peninsula. Stocks have suffered severe population decline due to overfishing (Ref. 27437).
Length at first maturity / Size / Вес / Возраст
Maturity: Lm 33.2, range 25 - 43.3 cm
Max length : 53.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 56527); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 2.1 kg (Ref. 56527); наибольший возраст (опубликованны данные): 103 годы (Ref. 93933)
колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число): 13; членистые (мягкие) лучи спинного плавника (общее число): 14-17; колючие лучи анального плавника 3; членистые (мягкие) лучи анального плавника: 6 - 9; позвонки: 26. Head spines weak - nasal, preocular, supraocular (may be absent), postocular, tympanic, parietal, and nuchal (may be absent) spines present, coronal spine absent (Ref. 27437). Long lower jaw with prominent forward directed symphyseal knob (Ref. 27437). Posterior margin of caudal indented (Ref. 6885). Bright to light red, usually with dark markings dorsally, may have some dark stippling on sides and dark blotch on caudal peduncle (Ref. 27437).
Abundant in offshore waters (Ref. 2850). Young pelagic up to age 3 (Ref. 6885). Grows slowly (Ref. 2850). Viviparous (Ref. 34817). Very important commercial rockfish in the North Pacific (Ref. 2850, 27437). Marketed as fillets (Ref. 2850). Utilized fresh and frozen; eaten fried, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
Produces young in small numbers, only about 300,000 when the fish is 20 years old.
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)
Угроза для людей
Harmless
Использование человеком
рыболовство: важный объект промысла; объект спортивного рыболовства: да
дополнительная информация
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
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ресурсы в Интернет
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.1 - 6.4, mean 3.8 °C (based on 124 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00779 - 0.01118), b=3.09 (3.05 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 8.3 (7.8 - 10.4) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 33
growth studies.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref.
120179): очень низкий, минимальное время удвоения популяции более 14 лет (Musick et al. 2000 (Ref.
36717); tmax=103; tm=7; K=0.1; Fec=31,000).
Prior r = 0.20, 95% CL = 0.13 - 0.30, Based on 4 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (59 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 17.4 [6.4, 61.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.305 [0.125, 0.808] mg/100g; Protein = 17.2 [16.0, 18.5] %; Omega3 = 0.7 [0.3, 1.8] g/100g; Selenium = 44.5 [15.6, 134.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.3 [3.9, 72.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.3 [0.2, 0.6] mg/100g (wet weight);
