Leuciscus aspius, Asp : fisheries, aquaculture, gamefish

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Leuciscus aspius (Linnaeus, 1758)

Asp
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Leuciscus aspius
Picture by Kaya, C.

Классификация / Names народные названия | синонимы | Catalog of Fishes(род, виды) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Cypriniformes (Carps) > Leuciscidae (Minnows) > Leuciscinae
Etymology: Leuciscus: Greek, leykiskos = white mullet (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range экология

; пресноводный; солоноватоводный донно-пелагический; мигрирует в реке (Ref. 51243); пределы глубины 10 - ? m (Ref. 30578). Temperate; 4°C - 20°C (Ref. 2059); 66°N - 35°N, 3°E - 72°E

распространение страны | регионы FAO | Ecosystems | места находок | Point map | интродукции | Faunafri

Europe and Asia: large rivers draining to North Sea (Weser, Elbe), Baltic Sea (southern tributaries, Norway east of Oslo, southern Sweden, Kokemären drainage in southern Finland), Black Sea, Sea of Azov and Caspian Sea; Aegean Sea basin, from Maritza to Lake Volvi drainages. Absent in Black Sea basin south of Danube and Rioni (Georgia) drainages, but present in Turkey west of Ankara. Introduced in Rhine, Northern Dvina and Lake Balkhash (Asia) (Ref. 59043). The subspecies Aspius aspius iblioides was previously recognized by authors for the Aral Sea (Ref. 13403).

Length at first maturity / Size / Вес / Возраст

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 35387); common length : 55.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 30578); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 9.0 kg (Ref. 556); наибольший возраст (опубликованны данные): 11 годы (Ref. 40480)

Краткое описание морфология | морфометрия

колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число): 3; членистые (мягкие) лучи спинного плавника (общее число): 7-9; колючие лучи анального плавника 3; членистые (мягкие) лучи анального плавника: 12 - 15. The only species of Aspius in Europe which can be diagnosed from other species of Cyprinidae in Europe by the following characters: anal fin with 12-14½ branched rays; scales on lateral line 64-76; maxilla extending beyond front margin of eye; and sharp keel between pelvic-fin and anal-fin origins covered by scales (Ref. 59043). Long shape body, laterally compressed with a long sharp head. Green back with silver to blue tints. Lighter flanks. Silver white belly. Pectoral, pelvic and anal fins grey to brown. Scale formula: 11-14/64-76/5-6 (Ref. 40476).

биология     глоссарий (например epibenthic)

Occur in open water of large and medium-sized lowland rivers and large lakes (Ref. 59043). Adults inhabit lower reaches of rivers and estuaries (Ref. 30578). Prefer to stay near bridge pillars, near tributaries, under weirs, in deep currents and overgrown parts of river and in quiet bays of river bends (Ref. 9696). One of the rare cyprinids which is piscivore; also prey on small aquatic birds. Juveniles are gregarious predators while adults hunt in small groups or are solitary. Juveniles and adults feed mainly on fish, especially on Alburnus alburnus or Osmerus eperlanus (Ref. 59043). Migrate upstream in tributaries for spawning in April-June (Ref. 556, 30578). Spawn in fast-flowing water on gravel or submerged vegetation. Lake populations migrate to tributaries; semi-anadromous populations or individuals (Terek) forage mainly in estuaries and freshened parts of the sea, migrating to rivers only for spawning. Begins spawning migration in second half of October (Terek) and overwinters in the lower reaches of river. Hybridizes with Leuciscus idus. Threatened due to alteration of river morphology (Ref. 59043).

Life cycle and mating behavior половая зрелость | размножение | нерест | икра | Fecundity | личинки

Sexual maturity is reached after 4-5 years (Ref. 2059). Reproductive success seems to be associated with low water level and high spring temperatures. Spawning occurs more than one season and lasts about 2 weeks. Deposits eggs which adhere to gravel or submerged plants (Ref. 59034).

Основная ссылка Upload your references | ссылки | координатор | соавторы

Vostradovsky, J., 1973. Freshwater fishes. The Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited, London. 252 p. (Ref. 9696)

Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)

  Не вызывающий беспокойства (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 January 2008

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Угроза для людей

  Harmless





Использование человеком

рыболовство: коммерческий; аквакультура (рыбоводство): коммерческий; объект спортивного рыболовства: да
FAO - аквакультура (рыбоводство): production; рыболовство: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00468 (0.00406 - 0.00538), b=3.14 (3.11 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  4.5   ±0.80 se; based on food items.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref. 120179):  средний (среднего размера), минимальное время удвоения популяции 1.4-4.4 года (tm=3-4; tmax=11; K=0.10-0.33; Fec = 50,000-1 million).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).
Категория цены (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 51.1 [23.5, 97.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.656 [0.380, 1.081] mg/100g; Protein = 19.8 [18.0, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.669 [0.325, 1.414] g/100g; Selenium = 11.9 [6.0, 24.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 32 [9, 111] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.504 [0.345, 0.701] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.