分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Holocephali
全頭亞綱 (銀鮫科) (chimaeras) >
Chimaeriformes (Chimaeras)
銀鮫目 (Chimaeras) >
Callorhinchidae (Plownose chimaeras)
鋤鼻銀鮫科 (Plownose chimaeras)
Etymology: Callorhinchus: Tautonymous with Chimaera callorynchus Linnaeus 1758 (but unnecessarily emended from -rynchus to -rhinchus: callum (L.), hard skin; rhynchus (L.), snout, referring to peculiar hoe-shaped proboscis. (See ETYFish); milii: In honor of Bory de Saint-Vincent’s “old friend” (translation) Pierre Bernard Milius (1773‒1829), a French naval officer, naturalist and civil servant, who supplied specimen upon which description and its accompanying illustration (shown here) were based; (See ETYFish).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 227 m (Ref. 26346). 亞熱帶的; 33°S - 50°S
Southwest Pacific: southern Australia and New Zealand.
西南太平洋: 澳洲南部與紐西蘭。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 71.0, range 70 - ? cm
Max length : 125 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 26346); common length : 75.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9258)
Occurs on continental shelves to depths of at least 200 m (Ref. 6871). Migrates into large estuaries and inshore bays in the spring to breed (Ref. 6871). Feeds mainly on shellfish (Ref. 26346). Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Eggs are encased in horny shells (Ref. 205). Flesh is of good eating quality. Males have a small, club-like protuberance on the head and also long copulation organs near the pelvic fins (Ref. 557).
生活於大陸棚到深度至少 200 公尺。 (參考文獻 6871) 在春天游進大的河口與近海海灣內繁殖。 (參考文獻 6871) 主要吃貝。 (參考文獻 26346) 卵生的.(參考文獻 50449) 卵被包在角狀的外型突起中。 (參考文獻 205) 肉是有好吃的品質。 在腹鰭附近的頭部以及長的連結器官上雄魚有一個小又棍棒狀的突起。 (參考文獻 557)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Migrates into large estuaries and inshore bays in the spring to breed (Ref. 6871). Oviparous, two egg cases (Ref. 26346) are laid on sandy or muddy bottoms and take up to 8 months to hatch (Ref. 6871). Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449).Young hatch at about 15 cm (Ref. 26346).西南太平洋: 澳洲南部與紐西蘭。
Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 12.1 - 18.2, mean 15.2 °C (based on 179 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00203 - 0.01181), b=3.13 (2.91 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.29 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.06-0.47; tm=2-6; Fec=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (55 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (83 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 25.5 [6.4, 69.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.758 [0.284, 2.957] mg/100g; Protein = 14.3 [11.2, 18.8] %; Omega3 = 0.258 [0.116, 0.579] g/100g; Selenium = 32 [9, 84] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.14 [3.03, 17.16] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.661 [0.338, 1.252] mg/100g (wet weight);
