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Perciformes/Notothenioidei (Icefishes) >
Nototheniidae (Cod icefishes) > Nototheniinae
Etymology: Notothenia: Greek, 'notos', ou; νοτος, ου), from the south + Greek, 'e 'eutheneia',as or 'euthenia', as (ευθενεια, ας; ευθενια, ας), abundance (P. Romero, pers.comm. 01/16); rossii: marmorata Greek marmor for marbled (Ref. 11892).
More on author: Richardson.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut dasar (demersal); oceanodromus (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman 5 - 350 m (Ref. 28106), usually 5 - 350 m (Ref. 28106). Polar; -1°C - 5°C (Ref. 28106); 45°S - 67°S, 75°W - 165°E
Southern Ocean: northern end of the Antarctic Peninsula, Scotia Arc, Prince Edward, Crozet, Kerguelen, Heard and Macquarie islands, and Ob' and Lena banks.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 49.3 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 92.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5179); common length : 50.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 2121); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 10.0 kg (Ref. 5179); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 16 Tahun (Ref. 28106)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)): 4 - 7; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)): 32-36; Sirip dubur lunak: 26 - 30
The sexually immature members of the population stay in lesser depths, mainly in the shallow fjord bays. Yearlings feed mainly on mesozooplankton in the near surface zone (5-15 m). Immature and mature fish are benthic but stay in shallower depths (10-20 m). Sexually mature fish move out of the fjord to stay in the shelf zone. Spawn once a year (Ref. 89316). Maximum life span for males is 12 years (Ref. 28106).
Mature females may spawn for the first time from around 6-8 years of age (Ref. 71843).
Hureau, J.-C., 1985. Family Notothenidae - Antarctic rock cods. p. 323-385. In W. Fischer and J.C. Hureau (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Southern Ocean (Fishing areas 48, 58 and 88) (CCAMLR Convention Area). Rome, FAO. Vol. 2. (Ref. 2121)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
informasi lanjut
AcuanBudidaya airprofil budidaya airStrainGenetikaElectrophoresesDiturunkanPenyakit-penyakitPengolahanNutrientsMass conversion
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.7 - 4.7, mean 2.1 °C (based on 140 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00589 (0.00480 - 0.00723), b=3.19 (3.13 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.56 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 8.5 (6.1 - 9.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 17
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (K=0.10-0.16; tmax=16; Fec=19,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (63 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16.7 [10.3, 37.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.427 [0.187, 0.808] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [15.8, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.316 [0.187, 0.528] g/100g; Selenium = 18.1 [8.2, 38.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.2 [2.9, 56.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.35 [0.24, 0.52] mg/100g (wet weight);
