Pseudotolithus senegalensis, Cassava croaker : fisheries, gamefish
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Pseudotolithus senegalensis (Valenciennes, 1833)

Cassava croaker
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Pseudotolithus senegalensis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Pseudotolithus senegalensis
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分類 / Names 共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Pseudotolithus: Greek, pseudes = false + greek, otos = ear + Greek, lithos = stone (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態学

底生の; 深さの範囲 0 - 70 m (Ref. 3593). Tropical; 27°N - 22°S

分布 国々 | 国連食糧農業機関の区域 | エコシステム | 事件 | Point map | 導入 | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: west coast of Africa, from Morocco to Angola, but rare north of Senegal (Ref. 57396). Also reported from Namibia (Ref. 3593).

Length at first maturity / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢

Maturity: Lm 35.0, range 28 - ? cm
Max length : 114 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 40637); common length : 50.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 3593); 最大公表体重: 12.0 kg (Ref. 40637)

簡単な記述 形態学 | 形態計測学

背面の脊椎 (合計): 11; 背鰭 (合計): 28-33; 肛門の骨 2; 臀鰭: 7. Diagnosis: large fish, elongate and compressed (Ref. 57396). Eyes small (Ref. 57396, 81656), 5.7-6.4 times in HL, but this character is difficult to use for identification because of allometry (Ref. 81656). Snout short; mouth large and oblique; lower jaw prominent; both jaws with bands of villiform teeth (upper jaw with teeth in outer row larger and sharper, including a pair of large median canines, lower jaw with teeth in inner row larger and sharper); 6 pores on chin and 5 marginal pores on snout (Ref. 57396). 9-12/1/4-6 (total 12-18) gill rakers on 1st gill arch; gill rakers short, about as long as gill filament at angle between lower and upper part of gill arch (Ref. 81656). Dorsal fin long and deeply notched (Ref. 57396), with 10 spines in the first part and 1 spine and 28-33 soft fin rays in second part (Ref. 81656). Second anal fin spine rather short and slender, attaining about 2/3 of the length of 1st soft ray and comprised over 3 times in head length; caudal fin pointed; scales weakly ctenoid on body, cycloid on snout and suborbital region; lateral line extending to end of caudal fin; swim bladder carrot-shaped, its front end with a pair of appendices subdividing into an anterior group of short branches and 2 posterior groups of long, slender tubules, one of them ventral, the other dorso-lateral and longer, bordering the bladder throughout its length (Ref. 57396). Coloration: silvery grey, with series of small dark spots following scale rows, oblique on anterior part of back and sides, horizontal posteriorly; black spot at tip of spinous part of dorsal fin; pelvics and anal fin more or less dark yellowish; caudal fin dark; inside of gill cover black (Ref. 57396).

生物学     用語集 (例 epibenthic)

Found in coastal waters over muddy, sandy or rocky bottoms. Smaller individuals found in shallow waters, but rarely entering estuaries. Feed on fish (fry of the long-finned herring in Ref. 114789), shrimps and crabs (Ref. 28587). Spawn from November to March in waters of 22 to 25°C in the Gulf of Guinea. Most economically important demersal fish in West African waters.

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | | 生産力 | 幼生

主な参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | コーディネーター | 協力者

Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)

IUCNのレッドリストの状況は (Ref. 130435)

  絶滅危惧 (EN) (A2bd); Date assessed: 17 March 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

人間に対する脅威

  Harmless





Human uses

水産業: 少数商業の; ゲームフィッシュ: はい
FAO - 水産業: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | 私達の周りの海

より多くの情報

共通名の
類義語
代謝
捕食動物
生態毒性
繁殖
成熟
放精
卵の集合体
生産力

卵の開発
参考文献
水産養殖
水産養殖の紹介
緊張
遺伝子の
Electrophoreses
遺伝
病気
行列
Nutrients
Mass conversion
協力者
画像
Stamps, Coins Misc.

シガテラ(食中毒の名前)
速度
泳ぐ 型式
カマ
Otoliths

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インターネットの情報源

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: 部類, | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - 水産業: landings; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: ゲノム, ヌクレオチド | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | 国のデーターベース | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | 生命の木 | Wikipedia: 行く, 検索する | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物に関する記録

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 22.7 - 27.9, mean 26.3 °C (based on 82 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5156   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00413 - 0.01752), b=3.08 (2.91 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
栄養段階 (Ref. 69278):  3.8   ±0.71 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  手段, 1.4年~4.4年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (K=0.33; tmax=8; assuming tm=2).
Prior r = 0.54, 95% CL = 0.36 - 0.82, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Very high vulnerability (83 of 100).
価格帯 (Ref. 80766):   High.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 74.4 [44.2, 142.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.878 [0.439, 1.545] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [18.0, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.193 [0.107, 0.321] g/100g; Selenium = 71.6 [39.2, 141.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.8 [4.2, 34.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.805 [0.582, 1.163] mg/100g (wet weight);