Lactophrys bicaudalis, Spotted trunkfish : aquarium

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Lactophrys bicaudalis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Spotted trunkfish
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Lactophrys bicaudalis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Lactophrys bicaudalis (Spotted trunkfish)
Lactophrys bicaudalis
Picture by Patzner, R.

Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) > Ostraciidae (Boxfishes)
Etymology: Lactophrys: Latin, concerned with milk + Greek, ophrys = eyebrow (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina revassocierade; djupintervall 3 - 50 m (Ref. 11227). Subtropical; 32°N - 35°S, 99°W - 14°W

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: Florida (USA), Bahamas, and southern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Ascension Island (Ref. 3696).

Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 48.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 7251); common length : 20.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5217)

Short description Morfologi | Morfometri

Whitish with numerous small black spots on carapace, caudal peduncle and caudal fin; lips whitish; bases of dorsal, anal and pectoral fins blackish; large adults with black spots missing from three small areas in a diagonal row anteriorly on body at level of eye, appearing as three white spots (Ref. 13442).

Biologi     Ordlista (t.ex. epibenthic)

Found in clear water around coral reefs. Sometimes under ledges and near small holes (Ref. 9710). Feeds on a variety of small bottom invertebrates such as mollusks, crustaceans, starfishes, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, sessile tunicates, sea grasses (Ref. 3696), algae, crabs and brittle stars (Ref. 13442). Toxins released when excited kills other fishes (Ref. 5521). Probably marketed fresh locally (Ref. 3696).

Life cycle and mating behavior Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator : Matsuura, Keiichi | Medarbetare

Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 07 June 2011

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30911)





Human uses

Akvarium: Kommersiell
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Ytterligare information

Länder
FAO områden
Ekosystem
Förekomster
Utplanteringar
Stocks
Ekologi
Föda
Födoslag
Födointag
Näringsinnehåll
Populärnamn
synonymer
Metabolik
Predatorer
Ekotoxikologi
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Lek
Spawning aggregation
Fecundity
Ägg
Egg development
Age/Size
Tillväxt
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morfometri
Morfologi
Larver
Larvdynamik
Rekrytering
Abundans
BRUVS
referenser
Vattenbruk
Vattenbruksprofil
Avelslinjer
Genetik
Electrophoreses
Ärftlighet
Sjukdomar
Behandling
Nutrients
Mass conversion
Medarbetare
Bilder
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Ljud
Ciguatera
Hastighet
Simsätt
Gälyta
Otoliths
Hjärnstorlek
Syn

Verktyg

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Special reports

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Download XML

Summary page | Point data | Populärnamn | Photos

Internet-källor

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Släkte, Arter | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Nationella databaser | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, sök | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 25.4 - 28, mean 27.3 °C (based on 200 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.6250   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03548 (0.01700 - 0.07404), b=2.81 (2.62 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278):  3.2   ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliens (Ref. 120179):  Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (Fec assumed to be > 10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 23.4 [9.0, 73.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.605 [0.299, 1.439] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [17, 21] %; Omega3 = 0.158 [0.081, 0.301] g/100g; Selenium = 20.2 [8.6, 44.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22.2 [5.5, 97.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.693 [0.441, 1.110] mg/100g (wet weight);