Pogonias cromis, Black drum : fisheries, gamefish, aquarium

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Pogonias cromis (Linnaeus, 1766)

Black drum
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Pogonias cromis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Pogonias cromis
Picture by Carvalho Filho, A.

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) 鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers) 石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Pogonias: Greek, pogon = beard (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 10 - ? m. 亞熱帶的; 46°N - 51°S

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia (Ref. 7251) to Florida, Gulf of Mexico, the Antilles (uncommon), and the southern Caribbean coast; also from the Orinoco delta to Argentina.
西大西洋: 新斯科舍省到墨西哥北部, 包括佛羅里達南部; 然後從巴西南部到阿根廷。 稀有的在安地列斯群島與南方.(參考文獻 26938)

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm 64.5, range 63 - ? cm
Max length : 170 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 7251); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3702); 最大體重: 51.3 kg (Ref. 4699); 最大年齡: 43 年 (Ref. 7188)

簡短描述 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

背棘 (總數): 11; 背的軟條 (總數): 19-22; 臀棘 2; 臀鰭軟條: 5 - 7. Silvery grey to very dark, young with 4 or 5 black vertical bars on sides, disappearing with growth; pelvic and anal fins usually dark. Chin with 5 pores and 10 to 13 pairs of small barbels along median edges of lower jaws and subopercles, increasing in length posteriorly. Gas bladder with numerous lateral appendages interconnected in a complicated pattern in adult. Sagitta semicircular and moderately thin (Ref 51721).
銀灰色的到非常黑的, 在側邊上幼魚有 4 或 5個黑色的縱帶, 隨著成長而消失; 腹鰭與臀鰭通常黑的。 下巴有 5個孔與 10 到 13 對小的觸鬚沿著下顎與在後部地被長度一直增加的子鰓蓋的中央邊緣。 氣鰾有很多的在成魚中被在一個複雜的圖案互相連接的側肢。 矢耳石半圓與一般細的 (參考文獻 51721).

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Found usually over sand and sandy mud bottoms in coastal waters, especially in areas with large river runoffs. Juveniles often enter estuaries. Feeds mainly on crustaceans, mollusks and fishes.

在沿岸水域中通常發現在沙子與沙泥底上了, 尤其在有大的河表面流水的區域中。 稚魚時常進入河口。 主要吃甲殼動物,軟體動物與魚。

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | | 孕卵數 | 仔魚

西大西洋: 新斯科舍省到墨西哥北部, 包括佛羅里達南部; 然後從巴西南部到阿根廷。 稀有的在安地列斯群島與南方.(參考文獻 26938)

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 30 July 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  無害處的





人類使用

漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
FAO - 漁業: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | 周邊海洋

更多資訊

俗名
同種異名
新陳代謝
捕食者
生態毒物學
繁殖
成熟度
產卵場
產卵群集
孕卵數

卵發育
參考文獻
養殖
養殖資訊
品種
遺傳學
Electrophoreses
遺傳率
疾病
加工
Nutrients
Mass conversion
合作者
照片
Stamps, Coins Misc.
聲音
神經毒
速度
泳型
鰓區
Otoliths
腦重體重比
眼睛色素

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 10.8 - 27.6, mean 23.5 °C (based on 326 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 1.0000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00757 - 0.00914), b=3.08 (3.05 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  3.4   ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.17; tm=3-5; tmax=43).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (60 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
價格種類 (Ref. 80766):   Low.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 38.1 [22.4, 72.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.803 [0.422, 1.361] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [18.0, 21.7] %; Omega3 = 0.289 [0.175, 0.459] g/100g; Selenium = 37.5 [20.9, 71.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.98 [1.88, 15.13] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.611 [0.443, 0.888] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.