分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 25 - 600 m (Ref. 35388), usually 100 - 400 m. 溫帶; 81°N - 42°N, 71°W - 59°E
Northwest Atlantic: western Greenland and Nova Scotia in Canada to Massachusetts in USA and perhaps to New Jersey, USA (Ref. 7251). Northeast Atlantic: Spitsbergen southward to Scandinavian coasts (to about Bergen, also Iceland and south-eastern coasts of Greenland.
西北大西洋: 對在美國中的麻薩諸塞州的格陵蘭西部與加拿大的新斯科舍省與也許到美國的紐澤西.(參考文獻 7251) 東北大西洋: 斯匹次卑爾根群島向南至北歐海岸 (到大約卑爾根, 也冰島與格陵蘭的東南方海岸。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 55.0, range 50 - 60 cm
Max length : 180 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 7251); common length : 120 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4694); 最大体重: 27.9 kg (Ref. 40637)
Coloration greyish brown with many distinct spots on body and dorsal fin (Ref. 35388).
颜色灰褐色的在身体与背鳍上有许多明显的斑点.(参考文献 35388)
Inhabits offshore waters over soft bottoms, often with boulders, from 25-590 m, but most common from 100-400 m (Ref. 4694). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Feeds mainly on echinoderms, but also crustaceans, mollusks, fishes (Ref. 4694) and worms (Ref. 58426). In Barents sea, it reached at least 80 cm, age 9 years. Marketed fresh or as frozen fillets. Leather can be made of the skin (Ref. 35388).
栖息于在软质底部上的离岸水域, 时常有大圆石, 从 25-590 公尺, 但是最常见的从 100-400 公尺。 主要吃棘皮动物，也吃甲壳动物，软件动物与鱼。 (参考文献 4694) 在巴伦支海，它达到了至少 80 公分,9 岁数年。 生鲜地或如冷冻鱼排在市场上销售了。 皮革能是用皮肤做成的。 (参考文献 35388)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Spawning happens between the months of September and January at 250 m depth. Females lay great egg bunches in nests built on the ground. The size of the eggs increases with the size of the female. Egg size 5-6 mm, larval length at hatching 21-24 mm.
西北大西洋: 對在美國中的麻薩諸塞州的格陵蘭西部與加拿大的新斯科舍省與也許到美國的紐澤西.(參考文獻 7251) 東北大西洋: 斯匹次卑爾根群島向南至北歐海岸 (到大約卑爾根, 也冰島與格陵蘭的東南方海岸。
Barsukov, V.V., 1986. Anarhichadidae. p. 1113-1116. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. volume 3. UNESCO, Paris. (Ref. 4694)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.6 - 7.6, mean 3.5 °C (based on 717 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5938 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00339 (0.00183 - 0.00626), b=3.19 (3.02 - 3.36), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.62 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.06-0.13; tm=8; Fec=4,200-35,200).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (80 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 8.11 [3.54, 32.55] mg/100g; Iron = 0.203 [0.091, 0.584] mg/100g; Protein = 17.1 [15.0, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.368 [0.214, 0.619] g/100g; Selenium = 39.4 [11.9, 113.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.93 [2.81, 30.45] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.569 [0.222, 1.133] mg/100g (wet weight);
