分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Cypriniformes (Carps) >
Leuciscidae (Minnows) > Pogonichthyinae
Etymology: Rhinichthys: Greek, rhinos = nose + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335); atratulus: From the word atratus, meaning clothed in black (Ref. 10294).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 居于水底的. 温带; 0°C - 29°C (Ref. 35682); 57°N - 34°N
North America: Atlantic, Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, Mississippi River, and upper Mobile Bay drainages Nova Scotia to Manitoba, Canada and south to northern Georgia and northern Alabama, USA.
北美洲: 主要地在大西洋斜坡流域从新斯科舍省 (海的在加拿大), 对南卡罗莱那州与美国乔治亚州。 它的前亚种, R. obtusus 被主要地在密西西比河上游与俄亥俄州流域发现, 美国与在加拿大的曼尼托巴。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 12.4 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 10294); common length : 5.7 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年龄: 3.00 年 (Ref. 12193)
背的软条 (总数): 8; 臀鳍软条: 7. Rhinichthys atratulus can be diagnosed by the following characters: back and side with many brown-black specks; deep caudal peduncle; barbel in corner of mouth; groove separating snout from upper lip absent; pointed snout slightly overhangs mouth; 53-70 scales on lateral line; 7 anal rays; pharyngeal teeth 2,4-4,2. Body light brown above, black spot followed by silver spot on dorsal fin base; black stripe along side, through eye and onto snout, continuous in young, as blotches in adult; often a silver stripe above black stripe; and silver white below. Breeding male can be distinguished by having pads on upper surface of pectoral fin, yellow-white pectoral and pelvic fins, white to red stripe below black body stripe (Ref. 86798). Body stout, spindle-shaped; mouth slightly inferior, slightly oblique and extending to below nostril; pointed barbel in groove at angle of mouth. Gill rakers short, conical, widely spaced (Ref. 54725).
身体矮胖的, 纺锤形的; 嘴些微下方, 些微斜而且延伸至鼻孔下面; 尖的触须有凹槽在突出部位上嘴。 鳃耙短的﹐锥形, 分开很远.(参考文献 54725)
Inhabits rocky runs and pools of headwaters, creeks and small rivers (Ref. 5723, 10294, 86798). Feeds on aquatic insects (Ref. 54729, 10294), diatoms and other algae (Ref. 54725). Considered as an attractive aquarium pet and propagation through artificial fertilization is practical (Ref. 54725).
栖息于河川源头,小溪与小河的多岩石的小支流与水潭。 (参考文献 5723) 吃水生昆虫;(参考文献 54729) 也在硅藻与其他的藻类上.(参考文献 54725) 被当作一个吸引人的水族馆宠爱，而且增殖经过人造的受精是实际的.(参考文献 54725)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
北美洲: 主要地在大西洋斜坡流域从新斯科舍省 (海的在加拿大), 对南卡罗莱那州与美国乔治亚州。 它的前亚种, R. obtusus 被主要地在密西西比河上游与俄亥俄州流域发现, 美国与在加拿大的曼尼托巴。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 2011. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 663p. (Ref. 86798)
人类利用
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00376 - 0.01926), b=3.06 (2.86 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.39 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (tmax=3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
